Harga dan kinerja dari IPO merupakan salah satu isu yang tidak pernah berhenti dalam literatur bidang keuangan. Sebagai hasil dari debat panjang terhadap sebab dari imbal hasil awal yang tidak normal dari IPO dan penurunan kinerja jangka panjang dari IPO, berbagai hipotesis telah dihasilkan oleh para peneliti dibidang keuangan. Literatur bidang keuangan secara empiris memuat keduanya baik mendukung ataupun menyanggah keterangan hipotesis-hipotesis tersebut. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk meneliti imbal hasil dari IPO dengan data yang dihasilkan bursa saham di Indonesia, yaitu BEJ (Bursa Efek Jakarta), untuk periode 2000, 2001 and 2002, dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama, hubungan antar imbal hasil dianalisa dengan analisis regresi univariat. Tahap kedua, faktor-faktor imbal basil diuji dengan analisis regresi multivariat cross section.Pada tahap pertama diperoleh hasil bahwa initial returns secara statistik signifikan lebih dipengaruhi oleh intraday returns dibandingkan opening price returns. Hubungan antara intraday returns dan opening price returns ditemukan negatif, ini diperkirakan karena pasar mulai mengkoreksi nilai saham IPO. Dan hubungan antara imbal hasil jangka panjang dengan imbal hasil jangka pendek juga ditemukan negatif, ini disebabkan pasar dalam jangka panjang telah mengkoreksi peni laian yang berlebihan (overvaluation) dan kesengajaan (fads) dari para investor pada awal perdagangan.Perbedaan rerata imbal hasil diuji terhadap setiap proporsi dari variabel rencana penggunaan dana IPO untuk investasi (INVEST), membayar hutang (DP), dan sebagai modal kerj a (WC), secara statistik pada setiap variabel tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan antar proporsi. Namun perbedaan rerata imbal hasil dikarenakan penjualan saham pemilik lama (SS) atau tujuan IPO lainnya (INVEST, DP, dan WC), rerata imbal basil secara statistik signifikan brbeda pada periode 12 dan 36 bulan.Perbedaan secara statistik tidak ditemukan antara privatisasi dan bukan¬privatisasi pada setiap rerata imbal hasil.Secara statistik tidak ditemukan perbedaan rerata imbal hasil antar proporsi dari variable pendapatan kotor IPO (GP), presentase saham IPO yang ditawarkan (OP), dan rasio harga penawaran IPO dengan labs sebelum IPO per saham (PER).Hanya pada periode 36 bulan, secara statistik ditemukan perbedaan rerata imbal hasil antar proporsi dari variable umur perusahaan (AGE) dan rasio hutang terhadap ekuitas (DER).Juga hanya pada periode 12 bulan, secara statistik ditemukan perbedaan rerata imbal hasil antar proporsi dari variable besarnya perusahaan (FS).Pada tahap kedua diperoleh hasil bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja saham TO yaitu ukuran perusahaan (FS), penggunaan dana IPO untuk modal kerja (WC) dan shareholder sale (SS) secara statistik signifikan berpengaruh positif cukup kuat (R2 = 53%) pada imbal hasil jangka panjang (periode 36 bulan). Sementara ukuran perusahaan (FS) pada imbal hasil jangka pendek berkorelasi negatif. Faktor pembayaran hutang (DP) secara signifikan berkorelasi positif pada imbal hasil jangka pandek.

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The Pricing and performance of IPO is one of those issues that are never laid to rest in the finance literature. As a result of the long standing debate on the reasons of abnormal initial returns from IPO and long-term under-performance of IPOs, various hypotheses have been formulated by finance researchers. The empirical finance literature contains both supporting and conflicting evidence for these hypotheses. This study aimed to investigate the IPO returns by the data generated by an emerging market, namely JSX (Jakarta Stock Exchange), for the period 2000, 2001 and 2002, in two stages. In the first stage, the relation between returns was analyzed by univariate regression analysis. In the second stage, the determinants of returns were examined by the cross sectional multivariate regression analysis.

On the first stage were found the results that initial returns were statistically significant prefer influenced intraday returns to opening price returns. Relationship among intraday returns and opening price returns were found negatif, perhaps, these are because market had just been beginning to correct IPO stocks. And relationship among long-term returns and short-term returns were negative, caused in long-run period market was correcting overvaluation and fads of investors in initial trading.

Comparation of mean returns were examined between proportions of variable of using IPO fund to investment (INVEST), debt payment (DP), and working capital (WC), statistically on each variables were not found significant differences between proportions. Unless comparation of mean returns caused by shareholder sale (SS) to the other IPO purposes (INVEST, DP, and WC), the mean returns were statistically significant different in 12 and 36 months periods.

Statistically differences were not found among privatization and non.-privatization on each mean returns.

Statistically were not found mean return differences between proportions of variable of gross proceed (GP), percentage IPO stock offered to the public (OP), and ratio of the IPO offering price to pre-IPQ earning per share (PER).

Only in 36 months period, statistically were found mean return differences between proportions of variable of firm age (AGE) and ratio debt to equity (DER).

Also only in 12 months period, statistically was found mean return difference between proportions of variable of firm size (FS).

On second stage were found results that factors were influencing IPO stock performance are firm size (FS), usage of IPO fund for working capital (WC) and shareholder sale (SS), statistically significant had strong enough positive influences (R2 = 53%) in long-term return (36 months period). Meanwhile firm size (FS) had negative correlation with short-term returns. Debt payment (DP) factor had significantly positive correlation in short-term returns.