Penelitian ini adalah penelitian padanan frasa preposisional bahasa Inggris ke Bahasa Indonesia, tinjauan sintaktis dan semantis.Tujuan penelitian ini melihat pola pola dan geseran yang terbentuk dari pemadanan frasa preposisional itu. Peneliti menggunakan analisis kontrastif untuk membandingkan dan mengamati persamaan dan perbedaan masing-masing struktur bahasa.
Selain itu, metode kesepadanan terjemahan juga digunakan untuk melihat kesepadanan frasa preposisional Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia. Data yang digunakan berjumlah 139 dan berasal dari empat sumber agar dapat mereprentasikan jenis jenis teks misalnya jenis teks deskriptif, informatif, dan argumentatif. Sumber data penelitian itu diantaranya adalah Relieving Pressure, teks semi ilmiah, yang ditulis oleh Spark dan diterjemahkan Mengatasi Tekanan oleh Erli Budiyanto dan Wiganti Partosendo; novel The Graves of Wrath karya John Stenibeck diterjemahkan Amarah oleh Sapardi Djoko Damono; majalah Golf Digest; dan buku teks ekonomi Intermediate Accounting karangan Kieso Donald et al. diterjemahkan Akuntansi Intermediate oleh Gina Gania dan Setiyo Budi.
Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan empat hal. Pertama, makna frasa preposisional ditentukan tidak hanya oleh kehadiran nomina atau konstituen pelengkap preposisi yang hadir setelah preposisi, tetapi juga oleh verba yang hadir sebelum frasa'preposisional itu. Tidak semua jenis verba mempengaruhi makna frasa preposisional. Hanya verba yang mempunyai ciri semantis statis dan gerak saja yang mempengaruhi makna frasa preposisional itu. Kedua, peran semantis dapat diketahui setelah mengetahui makna gramatikal frasa preposisonal itu. Jadi peran semantis dapat ditentukan setelah makna frasa preposisional diketahui. Ketiga, frasa preposisonal Tsu yang dipadankan dengan frasa preposisonal Tsa mempunyai peran semantis dan fungsi sintaktis yang sama. Keempat, geseran terjadi pada tataran level, kelas dan unit karena frasa preposisonal Tsu tidak dipadankan dengan frasa preposisional ke dalam Tsa. Geseran juga terjadi karena frasa preposisonal Tsu dipadankan dengan frasa verbal Tsa.
This research examines prepositional phrase equivalence in English text translated into Indonesian, based on semantic roles and syntactic functions. The aims of this research are to find out the pattern of translation equivalence and to identify the translation shift occurred. This research used Contrastive Analysis Method that enables the writer to compare two different languages and to identify both their similarities and differences structures.
Besides, Translation Equivalence Method was also implemented to find out the equivalence of English prepositional phrases with theirs in Indonesian. There are 139 data taken from four sources which represent descriptive, informative, and argumentative forms. They are Relieving Pressure, a semi scientific text, written by Spark and translated by Erli Budiyanto and Wigati Partosendo as Mengatasi Tekanan; a novel entitled The Graves of Wrath written by John Steinbeck and translated as Amarah by Supardi Djoko Damono: a magazine Golf Digest; and an economic textbook Intermediate Accounting written by Kieso Donald et al and translated by Gina Gania and Ichsan Setiyo Budi as Akuntansi Intermediate.
The results of this research were, first, The meaning of prepositional phrase is determined not only by noun or noun phrase following the preposition but also by orb prior the preposition. Not all verbs influence the meaning, some of which that have static or motion characteristics bring static or motion meanings. Second, semantic roles of prepositional phrase can be determined after knowing their grammatical meaning. Equal relationship underlies the meaning and the roles. Thus, semantic roles can be identified after the meaning is revealed. In other word, the meaning is the former and the semantic role is later. Third, source languages translated equally with prepositional phrases of target language have the same semantic roles and syntactic functions. Translation shifts found in this research were level shift, class shift, and intra system shift. Those shifts occurred because prepositional phrases of the source language were not translated equally with prepositional phrases of target language. Some prepositional phrases of the source language were translated into verbal phrases of target language. Some others were not translated at all and some had been translated with word order changes.
