Tesis ini membahas tentang konsep ganti rugi bagi korban tindak pidana dalamperaturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia dan praktiknya dalam pengadilanHAM yang telah berlangsung, serta optimalisasi peran penuntut umum dalammemperjuangkan hak-hak korban khususnya korban pelanggaran HAM yangberat atas ganti kerugian dalam proses peradilan pidana. Metode penelitian adalahyuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun undangundangmemberikan jaminan bagi korban pelanggaran HAM berat dalammemperoleh restitusi dan kompensasi, namun dalam implementasinya tidakefektif. kelemahan konsep dan prosedur restitusi dan kompensasi yang diaturdalam Undang-Undang No. 26 Tahun 2000 menjadi faktor penting efektifitaspelaksanaan restitusi dan kompensasi, sehingga perbaikan konsep dan penguatanhukum acara menyangkut kompensasi dan restitusi harus dilakukan agar efektifdalam implementasinya. Disamping itu, pihak-pihak yang terlibat langsung dalampengajuan konpensasi dan restitusi melalui mekanisme peradilan pidanakhususnya penuntut umum belum secara optimal memperjuangkan terpenuhinyahak-hak korban tersebut. Seharusnya, Kejaksaan Agung sudah memiliki kebijakanyang jelas dalam memperjuangkan hak-hak korban atas restitusi dan kompensasi.

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Abstract
The thesis discusses the concept of compensation for the victims of criminal actsin the laws and regulations in Indonesia and its practice which has beenimplemented in the human rights court, as well as the role optimalization of thepublic prosecutors in fighting for the rights of the victims, especially the victimsof serious human rights violation, to get compensation in criminal justice process.The research method is normative judicial. The research results conclude thatalthough the law guarantees the victims of serious human rights violation to getrestitution and compensation, in the implementation it is not effective; the weakconcept and procedure of the restitution and compensation governed in the LawNo. 26 of the year 2000 become the important factor of the restitution andcompensation implementation effectiveness so that the improvement of theconcept and the strengthening of the law of procedure concerning thecompensation and restitution must be done in order to be effective in theimplementation. Moreover, the parties directly involved in filing forcompensation and restitution through criminal justice mechanism, especially thepublic prosecutors, have not optimally fought to fulfill the rights of those victims.The Attorney General?s Office should have had a clear policy to fight for therights of the victims to receive restitution and compensation.