HIV/AIDS merupakan penyakit menular yang menyerang sistem imun. Penderita HIV/AIDS hingga saat ini masih mendapat stigma dan diskriminasi termasuk dilingkungan pelayanan kesehatan. Perawat sebagai bagian pemberi pelayanan kesehatan berperan penting dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan dalam pencegahan dan penularan HIV/AIDS. Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran persepsi perawat tentang asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan pada pasien HIV/AIDS. Enam partisipan dipilih sesuai kriteria dengan metode purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam yang dilengkapi catatan lapangan, direkam kemudian dibuat transkrip verbatim, selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan metoda Colaizzi.
Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi delapan tema utama yaitu: sikap perawat, pengetahuan, aktivitas pengkajian, perubahan fisiologis, perubahan psikologis, perubahan sosialisasi, kondisi ekonomi dan kondisi spritual pasien HIV/AIDS. Peneliti menyimpulkan persepsi negatif dan positif perawat berhubungan dengan pengetahuan perawat tentang HIV/AIDS. Hasil penelitian menyarankan perlunya dilakukan asuhan keperawatan secara biopsikososial spritual kepada pasien HIV/AIDS karena mereka mengalami perubahan yang kompleks.
HIV / AIDS is an infection disease that attacks the immune system. People with HIV / AIDS still received a stigma and discrimination until now, as well as in the health care service. Nurses as a part of health care providers play an important role in nursing care process to prevent and reduce the transmission of HIV / AIDS. The aim of qualitative research with phenomenological approach was to obtain a description about the nurses's perception in nursing care given to HIV / AIDS patients. Six participants were selected according to the purposive sampling criteria. Data was collected through in-depth interviews supported by field notes, recorded and then verbatim transcript, then analyzed by Colaizzi methods.
This study were identified eight major themes, namely: nurses attitude, knowledge, assessment practice, physiological changes, psychological changes, socialization alteration, economic condition, and the spiritual condition on HIV/AIDS patient. The researcher concluded that negative or positive nurses perceptions related to the nurse's knowledge about HIV / AIDS. Based on this study result, suggested that the HIV / AIDS patients needed biopsychosocial spiritual nursing care because of their suffered complex changes.
