Ketahanan pangan merupakan konsep penting yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini. Di dalam perjalanannya, konsep ini memaparkan makna dan arti yang berbeda berdasarkan atas perbedaan masa pemerintahan. Penelitian yang menggunakan metodologi kualitatif ini akan memaparkan kondisi ketahanan pangan di dua masa periode, yaitu Orde Baru dan Reformasi. Pada masa Orde Baru, kebijakan Revolusi Hijau dijadikan fokus pejelasan mengenai kebijakan ketahanan pangan pada pemerintahan saat itu. Kemudian, masa Reformasi, kebijakan impor beras dijadikan sebagai agenda baru kebijakan pemerintah untuk mencapai ketahanan pangan. Dua kebijakan tersebut menciptakan pola ketergantungan terhadap pihak asing. Temuan lapangan menggambarkan bahwa pemerintahan Orde Baru lebih memperhatikan nasib petani ketimbang pemerintahan Reformasi.

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Food security is the important concept which used in this research. In over time, this is meant a different thing which within period of governance contains different policies. This researches which using qualitative methodology explains two periods in Indonesia. New Order Era and Reformation as regard to food security policy will be explained build on different government period. On New Order Era, Green Revolution is used as focus to see food security program by the government. The implication of this policy will be explained as an impact of peasant dependency on that period. Later, policy of food security on the reformation period will be seen when import policy was used as new agendas. Two policies in those different periods created the dependency pattern which caused of foreign parties. With the results, this research will give explanation about social phenomena in the different periods by using classical dependency paradigm. On the other hand, this research also using critical realism to explain one of the negative excess which suffered peasant in the restrictiveness of government policy. This perspective will point out that the physic factor is not dichotomies within social factor.