Suaka Margasatwa Buton Utara memiliki dua spesies satwa liar yang terancam punah yaitu maleo ( Macrocephalon maleo) dan anoa ( Bubalus depressicornis). Ancaman kepunahan dua spesies tersebut karena kesalahan eksploitasi oleh masyarakat sekitar. Pengamatan di dua lokasi blok hutan yaitu blok hutan Wa Ode Hasima dan blok hutan Lapute didapat dugaan potensi populasi maleo di Suaka Margasatwa Buton Utara adalah rata-rata sebanyak 39 ekor yang ada di tepi Sungai Lebo. Sementara dari pengamatan di blok hutan Badili hanya terdapat sekitar 2 ekor anoa. Ancaman serius akan keberlanjutan satwa-satwa dilindungi ini adalah adanya pencurian kayu dan rotan serta pengambilan telur maleo oleh masyarakat dalam kawasan suaka margasatwa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dan komersil masyarakat sekitar kawasan suaka margasatwa.

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Forest wildlife sanctuary of Buton Utara has two wildlife species which nearly extinct, they are maleo ( Macrocephalon maleo) dan anoa ( Bubalus depressicornis). The treat of extinction of these two species due to the exploitation of the society around the area of the forest wildlife sanctuary. Treatment in the two blocks area of the forest happened in block of Wa Ode Hasima and Block of Lapute forest where it's estimated that potency of maleo's population in the wildlife sanctuary is about 39 birds around the shore of Lebo river. While from observation conducted in block of Badili forest just found two anoas. Serious treatment will be continued for this endemic species, the treats come from illegal logging of woods and rattan as well as exploitation of maleo's eggs by society inside the area of this forest wildlife sanctuary to fulfill their life's need commertional need of the society around this wildlife forest.