Tesis ini membahas mengenai peranan Ukraina dan Belarus dalam hubungan perdagangan Rusia dan Uni Eropa di sektor energi selama periode 2004-2009. Peranan Ukraina dan Belarus dilihat dari fungsinya sebagai negara transit di dalam struktur perdagangan energi di kawasan, fasilitas infrastruktur dan jalur transportasi yang dimiliki, dan juga diplomasinya di sektor energi dinilai dapat menunjukkan peranan kedua negara tersebut terhadap perdagangan energi Rusia dan Uni Eropa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa fasilitas infrastruktur dan jalur transportasi energi transit yang dimiliki oleh Ukraina dan Belarus sangat berperan terhadap perdagangan energi Rusia dan UE. Selain itu, peranan Ukraina dan Belarus juga didukung oleh kondisi sistem politik, fasilitas energi transit, dan keadaan pasar energi domestik di kedua negara. Selanjutnya, diplomasi energi di antara negara-negara transit (Ukraina dan Belarus) dengan negara pemasok energi (Rusia) juga sangat berperan dalam kelancaran pengiriman pasokan energi dari Rusia ke UE. Konflik-konflik energi yang terjadi di antara keduanya dapat berpotensi menimbulkan gangguan-gangguan terhadap kelancaran perdagangan energi Rusia dan UE.

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This thesis analyses the role of Ukraine and Belarus in the energy trade between Russia and EU in the period of 2004-2009. Ukraine and Belarus are viewed based on their functions as the transit energy country within the regional energy trade structure, their energy infrastructures and transportation routes, and also their diplomacies in the energy sector are considered to be able to describe the role of the two countries on the energy trade between Russia and EU. This theis is using qualitative research with descriptive method. As the result of this thesis, it is concluded that energy infrastructure facilities and transportation routes play significant roles within the regional energy trade. Moreover, the roles of Ukraine and Belarus as energy transit countries are also supported by their political systems, domestic energy transit facilities, and also their domestic energy markets. Furthermore, energy diplomacies between transit energy countries (Ukraine and Belarus) and energy supplier country (Russia) also play an important role in ensuring the reliability of energy supply from Russia to EU. Energy conflicts that have happened show potential energy disturbances toward the regional energy trade.