Pengembangan gene gun sebagai instrumen administrasi vaksinintradermal memerlukan banyak penelitian di berbagai hal, salah satunya padapengaplikasian teknologi nosel terhadap dampak yang ditimbulkan. Pengujiandilakukan untuk mendapatkan desain nosel yang memiliki keluaran gaya impakterendah dengan mengetahui karakteristik nosel melalui pengaruh sudut lubangbaffle dan jarak tembak terhadap gaya impak. Variasi nosel yang diuji adalahnosel standar tanpa lubang baffle dan nosel dengan sudut lubang baffle sebesar30o, 90o, dan 150o. Keempat nosel tersebut diuji pada tiga jarak tembak, yaitu0 mm, 10 mm, dan 20 mm. Hasil eksperimen dan analisa secara statistikmenunjukkan pola yang menyatakan adanya hubungan antara variasi sudut lubangbaffle dan jarak tembak terhadap gaya impak dengan adanya indikasi titik jaraktembak optimal untuk tiap variasi nosel dan kecenderungan menurunnya gayaimpak seiring dengan meningkatnya besar sudut lubang baffle. Adapun besar gayaimpak terkecil dihasilkan oleh nosel dengan sudut lubang baffle 150o pada jaraktembak 0 mm. Metode simulasi komputasi memberikan hasil berupa profilkecepatan dan nilai dari beberapa parameter aliran di dalam dan luar nosel yangmenunjukkan bahwa nosel yang digunakan termasuk kategori nosel supersonik.

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Abstract
There have been many researches in demand to develop gene gun as anintradermal vaccine administration instrument. One of those researches is in theapplication of nozzle technology with its implication. Tests to investigate nozzlecharacteristics in terms of baffle holes angle and shooting distance variation toimpact force have been carried out. Nozzles under test were standard nozzlewithout baffle holes and nozzle with baffle holes angle 30o, 90 o, and 150 o. Thesefour nozzles were tested at three shooting distances, which were 0 mm, 10 mmand 20 mm. Patterns that stated relationship between the baffle holes angle andshooting distance that generate the impact force have been found throughexperiments and statistical analysis. They indicated the existence of optimumshooting distance for each nozzles. In addition, the impact force trend isdecreasing when the baffle holes angle is widened. It is also discovered that thelowest impact force was generated by nozzle with baffle holes angle 150o withshooting distance 0 mm. Computational simulations were conducted to investigatethe velocity profile and some fluid flow parameter values inside and outside thenozzles. From these, it can be concluded that the nozzles used for the applicationof gene gun as intradermal vaccine administration instrument should beconsidered as supersonic nozzle.