ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini dilakukan preparasi dan karakterisasi nanopartikel primakuin berbasis kitosan. Preparasi nanopartikel primakuin dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode gelasi ionik. Karakterisasi nanopartikel primakuin dilakukan untuk mengetahui distribusi ukuran partikel, zeta potensial da morfologi partikel. Selanjutnya nanopartikel primakuin dan primakuin konvensional diujikan ke tikus secara oral untuk membandingkan profil farmakokinetik keduanya. Hasil menunjukkan distribusi ukuran partikel pada 248,8 nm, dengan lebar puncak 29,61 nm, efisiensi penjerapan54,7% dan zeta potensial. Pada uji in vivo di tikus, konsentrasi primakuin dalam plasma 2-2,5 kali lebih rendah dibandingkan primakuin konvensional, tetapi 3 kali lebih tinggi di hati. Penghitungan parameter farmakokinetik menunjukkan AUC nanopartikel primakuin 3,3 kali lebih rendah dan Cmax nanopartikel primakuin 2,3 kali lebih rendah dibandingkan primakuin konvensional. Namun tidak ada perbedaan pada Tmax. Nilai ke nanopartikel primakuin lebih rendah dan t1/2 eliminasi memanjang 3 kali lipat dibandingkan primakuin konvensional. Vd nanopartikel primakuin 6,5 kali lebih besar dibandingkan primakuin konvensional. Penelitian ini menunjukkan nanopartikel primakuin terbukti berhasil meningkatkan penghantaran obat ke hati.
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to prepare primaquine- loaded chitosan nanoparticles to enhance drug transport to the liver. Primaquine nanoparticles were prepared by using ionic gelation. Nanoparticles were characterized by particle size distribution, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential and morphology. Conventional primaquine and primaquine nanoparticles were administered orally to rats in order to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles. The characterization of nanoparticles exhibited a peak of particle size distribution at 248.8 nm, peak width of 29.61 nm, entrapment efficiency of 54.7%, and zeta potential of +1.4 mV. In rats, we observed 2-2.5 times smaller plasma concentrations of primaquine nanoparticles than conventional primaquine, but 3 times higher concentration in the liver. The calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters of primaquine revealed that nanoparticles have 3.3 times smaller AUC and 2.3 times smaller Cmax than conventional administration, but no different Tmax. Absorption rate constant and absorption phase half life of nanoparticles were statistically not different from conventional primaquine. Elimination rate constant and elimination phase half life of nanoparticles exceeded 3 times the values of conventional primaquine. The pharmacokinetic distribution of primaquine nanoparticles showed a 6.5 times greater volume than that of primaquine. This study exhibited that primaquine nanoparticles successfully enhanced drug transport to the liver.