ABSTRAK
Soil-transmitted heminths (STH) dapat menjangkiti anggota keluarga di daerahendemis. Di Indonesia, prevalensi, intensitas infeksi dan faktor risiko STH padaanggota keluarga belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahuiprevalensi, intensitas infeksi dan faktor risiko STH pada anak SD dan anggotakeluarga di Jakarta dan Cipanas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Kalibaru 07 Jakartadan SDN Tarigu Cipanas Jawa Barat selama Januari-Juni 2012 dengan menggunakanrancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Total sebanyak 841 sampel tinja (241 sampeldari Jakarta dan 600 Cipanas) diperiksa dengan metode Kato-Katz. Ascarislumbricoides dan Trichiuris trichiura paling umum ditemukan dan dianalisis secaraterpisah. Di Jakarta, prevalensi A. lumbricoides dan T. trichiura pada anak SD, orangtua murid dan anggota keluarga lain berturut-turut 37,5%, 36,5%, 30,4%, 10,1%,30,5% dan 6,8%, sedangkan di Cipanas, 2,0%, 16,7%, 2,0%, 8,7%, 0,0% dan 4,7%.Selain itu, di Jakarta, secara total, intensitas infeksi A. lumbricoides ringan24,1%(58/241), sedang 9,1% (22/241) dan berat 0,4% (1/241), di Cipanas,intensitas infeksi A. lumbricoides ringan 1,1% (7/600). Di Jakarta, secara total,intensitas infeksi T. trichiura ringan 20,3% (49/241) dan sedang 0,8% (2/241),sedangkan di Cipanas intensitas infeksi T. trichiura ringan 8,2% (49/600). Analisisstatistik memperlihatkan di SD Kalibaru 07 Jakarta , prevalensi dan intensitas infeksiA. lumbricoides pada anak laki-laki berbeda bermakna dengan perempuan (p<0,05)dan terdapat korelasi positif dan bermakna antara orang tua dan anak yang terinfeksiA. lumbricoides. Di Kalibaru Jakarta merupakan tempat berisiko untuk infeksi A.lumbricoides (OR 23,7 95%CI 6,42-87,6), sedangkan di Cipanas tempat yangberisiko terinfeksi T. trichiura (OR 3,9, 95%CI 1,11-13,49). Jumlah anggotakeluarga terinfeksi STH (A. lumbricoides atau/dan T. trichiura) 1-5 orang di Jakartadan 1-4 orang di Cipanas. Analisis regresi logistik memperlihatkan bahwapendidikan ibu dan ketersediaan toilet merupakan faktor risiko infeksi A.lumbricoides di Jakarta. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pemberiananthelmintik dan perbaikan sanitasi sangat diperlukan untuk menurunkan infeksiSTH di Jakarta dan Cipanas.

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ABSTRACT
Soil-transmitted heminths (STH) may affect among family members in an endemicarea. In Indonesia, prevalence, intensity of infection and risk factors of STHamong household are known, so far. The aim of this study is to know intensity ofinfection and risk factors of STH among school children and family members inJakarta and Cipanas. This study was conducted SDN Kalibaru 07 Jakarta and SDNTarigu Cipanas West Java, in January until June 2012, using cross-sectional design.Overall, 841 stool samples (241 stool samples from Jakarta and 600 from Cipanas)were examined by Kato-Katz method. Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichiuris trichiurawere common found and spatial analyzed in this study. In parent, and other familymembers were 37,5%, 36,5%, 30,4%, 10,1%, 30,5% and 6,8% respectively, while inCipanas, 2,0%, 16,7%, 2,0%, 8,7%, 0,0% and 4,7% respectively. In addition, inJakarta, overall, intensities of A. lumbricoides infection were 24,1% (58/241) light,9,1% (22/241) moderate, and 0,4% (1/241) heavy , while in Cipanas, they were1,1% (7/600) light infections . In Jakarta, overall, intensities of T. trichiura infectionwere 20,3% (49/241) light and 0,8% (2/241) moderat, while in Cipanas, it was8,2% (49/600) light infection only. The statitistical analyses showed that both theprevalence dan intensity of A. lumbricoides infection were significant differentamong male and female school children of SDN Kalibaru 07 Jakarta (p<0,05) andsignificant positive correlation (p<0,05) between both parent and school childreninfected by A. lumbricoides. In Kalibaru Jakarta was a risk area to have A.lumbricoides infections (OR 23,7 95%CI 6,42-87,6), while in Cipanas was T.trichiura risk area (OR 3,9, 95%CI 1,11-13,49). The number of family membersinfected by STH (A. lumbricoides or/and T. trichiura) was 1-5 persons in Jakartaand 1-4 persons in Cipanas. Logistic regression analyses showed taht mothers’education and toilet were risk factors of A. lumbricoides infection in Jakarta. Thisstudy showed that anthelminthics and improvement of sanitation are considerablerequired to reduce STH infections in Jakarta and Cipanas.