Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) merupakan perjanjian pertanian yang merupakan bagian dari perjanjian mengenai aspek khusus dari Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia atau World Trade Organization (WTO) yang mulai berlaku sejak 1 Januari 1995. AoA bertujuan untuk melakukan reformasi kebijakan perdagangan di bidang pertanian dalam rangka menciptakan suatu sistem perdagangan pertanian yang adil dan berorientasi pasar. AoA menetapkan sejumlah peraturan pelaksanaan tindakan perdagangan di bidang pertanian termasuk pengaturan mengenai impor beras, terutama yang menyangkut akses pasar, bantuan domestik dan subsidi eskpor. Kesepakatan internasional yang disepakati Indonesia khususnya dalam bidang perdagangan beras tidak hanya diatur oleh AoA namun Indonesia juga memiliki kesepakatan impor beras yang berlaku secara regional yang diatur dalam AFTA. Sebagai anggota WTO, Indonesia berkomitmen untuk meningkatkan akses pasar dan mengurangi subsidisubsidi yang mendistorsi perdagangan melalui Schedule of Commitment masingmasing negara yang sudah dituangkan ke dalam peraturan nasional Indonesia. Dalam menjalankan komitmen-komitmennya pada AoA khususnya dalam menjalankan komitmen untuk membuka akses pasar, Indonesia mengalami dampak baik maupun buruk bagi keadaan beras di Indonesia. Dari uraian diatas,penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh AoA terhadap pembukaan akses pasar khususnya pada sektor impor beras di Indonesia.

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Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) is an agreement that explores the field of agriculture and it is a part of special aspect agreement from the World Trade Organization (WTO). It is immediately enforced, right after January 1st 1995 after the ratification of the WTO Agreement in Marrakesh. The purpose of the AoA is

to reform public policies regarding agricultural products in order to create a fair and market-oriented agricultural trade system. AoA sets out some implementing regulation of international trade in the field of agriculture that includes some regulations regarding rice import, especially concerning market access, domestic

support and export subsidies. Indonesia, up until now, has participated in many international agreements involving the trade of rice. Beside what is regulated under the AoA, Indonesia also has some commitments involving rice imports under the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA). Based on the AoA and AFTA,

WTO Members, including Indonesia, has agreed to increase their market access and reducing subsidies that can distort the practice of international trade. Those commitments had been set out in the Schedule of Commitment of each country,

including Indonesia. In applying its commitments regarding rice import under AoA, especially to open its market access, Indonesia has both negative and positive impacts on the availability of rice in Indonesia. Therefore, this research is

pursued to find out the implications of the AoA with regards to the opening of Indonesia’s market access, especially in the sector of rice import in Indonesia.