ISPA adalah penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit menular di dunia, tingkat mortalitas sangat tinggi pada bayi dan anak-anak terutama di negara-negara berkembang (WHO, 2008). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dan jumlah sampel adalah 66 responden. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian ISPA di ruang rawat RSAB Harapan Kita berdasar faktor risiko tahun 2013. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan Balita yang menderita ISPA di RSAB Harapan Kita adalah 53% berjenis kelamin laki-laki, 71,2% usia1-3 tahun, 89,4% berat badan lahir normal, 68,6% pemberian ASI tidak Eksklusif dan 90,9% mendapatkan imunisasi. Ibu Balita yang menderita ISPA di RSAB Harapan Kita umur terendah 23 tahun, tertinggi 47 tahun, pendidikan tinggi 90,9%, tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang ISPA 78,8% baik, dan 54,5% di dalam keluarga terdapat anggota keluarga yang merokok. Saran perlu diadakannya pendidikan kesehatan tentang pentingnya ASI Eksklusif dalam mencegah ISPA serta bahaya bagi balita yang terpapar asap rokok.

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ARI (Acute Respiratory Infection) is the mayor cause of mortility and morbidity of the infection desease in the word, the highest mortility in baby and children especially in development country. This research aimed to identify description of ARI among children under five years old in RSAB Harapan Kita based on its predisposition risk in 2013. This research used simple descriptive design and the number of sample was 66 respondents. The result showed that 53% of the respondents were boys, 71,2% aged at 1-3 years old, 89,4% had normal birth weight, 68,6% had not exclusively breastfed, and 90,9% had a complete immunization status. The mothers were aged between 23-47 years old, 90,9% had high level education, and 78,8% of them had a good knowledge about (ARI). As much as 54,4% of the family member were smoker. It is suggested to do health education about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding and the dangerous for children if they exposed smoke of cigarette.