ABSTRAKStudi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kawasan perlindungan laut
(KPL) di Indonesia terhadap kemiskinan. Panel data dari tahun 2006 – 2010 untuk
tingkat kabupaten, dan dari tahun 2005-2010 untuk tingkat provinsi diestimasi
dengan metode efek tetap. Indikator kemiskinan yang digunakan adalah P0, P1 dan
P2. Selain KPL, digunakan juga pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pertumbuhan populasi
sebagai variabel bebas untuk mengontrol karakteristik wilayah. Hasil estimasi
menunjukkan hubungan negatif antara KPL dan kemiskinan untuk hampir semua
indikator kemiskinan dan definisi KPL. Artinya KPL berkontribusi terhadap
pengentasan kemiskinan. Studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan
ekonomi dan pertumbuhan populasi merupakan determinan dari kemiskinan
ABSTRACTThe main purpose of this study is to examine whether marine protected areas
(MPAs) in Indonesia have an impact on poverty alleviation. It takes municipality
and province as unit of analysis, and employs a panel data set from 2006 to 2010
for municipality level and from 2005 to 2010 for province level. In the estimation,
there are 294 municipalities and 33 provinces are involved. The fixed effect model
is employed in order to control for regional and municipality characteristics. As
outcome variables different measures of poverty are considered and compared
such as the poverty headcount index, the poverty gap, and the poverty severity.
The primary independent variable is MPAs, which is defined using different
definitions such as the share of MPAs, an indicator for the presence of MPAs, and
the absolute size of MPAs. Population growth and GRDP growth are the other
independent variables which control for regional socioeconomic characteristics.
The results show a significant impact of MPAs on poverty reduction. It is
demonstrated by the negative relationship between MPAs and the poverty
measures for almost all indicators of poverty and MPA definition. On average,
protection of marine areas gives contribution on poverty alleviation. Beyond
MPAs, this paper also confirms existing findings about poverty dynamics.
Characteristics of the region, economic growth and population growth determine
poverty considerably. Regarding economic growth, the poorer the area the more
desirable the formation of an MPA.
T39239-Rian Puspita Sari.pdf :: Unduh