Latar Belakang: Temulawak adalah tanaman obat unggulan Indonesia. Pertumbuhan S.mutans dan S. sanguinis yang berperan dalam pembentukan biofilm pada permukaan email gigi, dapat dihambat oleh ekstrak temulawak. pH kritis biofilm (≤ 5.5) dapat mempengaruhi pelepasan ion kalsium email gigi. Xanthorrhizol dalam temulawak diketahui dapat mempertahankan pH netral model biofilm in vitro selama 4 jam. Tujuan: Menganalisis perubahan pH model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species dalam variasi waktu serta pengaruh paparan ekstrak etanol temulawak terhadap kadar kalsium email permukaan gigi dengan biofilm Streptoccocus dual species. Metode: Model biofilm dibuat pada 6-well plate yang telah dilapisi oleh saliva, kemudian ditambahkan S. Mutans dan S. sanguinis (1:1) dan diinkubasi dalam rentang waktu 1-24 jam, lalu pH diukur dengan menggunakan pH indikator. Selanjutnya model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species 16 dan 20 jam dibuat pada spesimen email gigi, kemudian dipaparkan ekstrak enatol temulawak (15%) selama 4 jam dan kadar kalsium diukur dengan alat Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Uji beda dilakukan dengan Mann Whitney dan t-test (independent sample). Hasil: Model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species dapat mencapai pH kritis mulai jam ke 14 dan bertahan sampai jam ke 24. Terdapat perbedaan rerata kadar kalsium (Wt%) antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan, tetapi perbedaan tersebut secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0.005). Perbedaan rerata kadar kalsium (Wt%) antara kelompok perlakuan biofilm 16 jam (27,52 ± 0.89) dan 20 jam (24,92 ± 0.85) secara statistik bermakna (p<0.005). Kesimpulan: Model biofilm Streptoccocus dual species dapat mencapai pH kritis setelah 14 jam. Paparan ekstrak etanol temulawak tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan kadar kalsium permukaan email gigi dengan biofilm Streptoccocus dual species. Namun, paparan ekstrak etanol temulawak pada kematangan biofilm berbeda, menghasilkan perbedaan kadar kalsium permukaan email gigi.

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Background: Java turmeric is Indonesian medicinal plants. Growth of S. mutans and S. sanguinis that play a role in biofilm formation on the enamel surface, could be inhibited by java turmeric extract. Biofilms critical pH (≤ 5.5) could affect the release of calcium ions enamel. Xanthorrhizol in java turmeric are known to maintain a neutral pH in vitro biofilm models for 4 hours.

Objective: To analyze the changes in pH Streptoccocus dual species biofilm models in variations exposure time as well as the influence of ethanol extract of java turmeric on tooth surfaces email calcium levels with Streptoccocus dual species biofilms.

Methods: Biofilm model was made in 6-well plate that had been coated with saliva, then added S. Mutans and S. sanguinis (1:1) and incubated in a span of 1-24 hours, and pH was measured by using a pH indicator. Furthermore Streptoccocus dual species biofilm models 16 and 20 hours were made on specimens of enamel, then presented ethanol java turmeric extract (15%) for 4 h and calcium levels were measured by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Different test performed by Mann Whitney and t-test (independent samples).

Results: Streptoccocus dual species biofilm model could reach critical pH ranging to 14 hours and last up to 24 hours. There are differences in the mean levels of calcium (Wt%) between the control group and treatment group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.005). Mean difference levels of calcium (Wt%) between treatment groups biofilms 16 hours (27.52 ± 0.89) and 20 hours (24.92 ± 0.85) was statistically significant (p <0.005).

Conclusion: Streptoccocus dual species biofilm model could reach a critical pH after 14 hours. Exposure to ethanol extract of java turmeric did not affect significantly the level of calcium in the enamel surface Streptoccocus dual species biofilms. However, exposure of turmeric extract on different maturity of biofilm, produced difference in the calcium level of enamel surface.