The relationship between verbs and their arguments is a widely debated topic in linguistics. This comprehensive survey provides an up-to-date overview of this important area of research, exploring current theories of how a verb’s semantics can determine the morphosyntactic realization of its arguments. Assuming a close connection between verb meaning and syntactic structure, it provides a bridge between lexical semantic and syntactic research, synthesizing the results of work from a range of linguistic subdisciplines and in a variety of theoretical frameworks. The first four chapters survey leading theories about event structure and con- ceptualization. The fifth and sixth chapters focus on the mapping from lexical semantics to morphosyntax, and include a detailed discussion of the thematic hierarchy. The seventh chapter reviews treatments of multiple argument realization.