Libraries and Archives analyses the facts and arguments behind an increasing debate as to what extent libraries and archives are fulfilling the same missions. Despite the fact that they have different legal statuses, legal frameworks, and work-flows, some politicians and bureaucrats think that there is much to gain if the two institutions work closely together or even merge. To understand the present situation, it is important to have an understanding of the role of libraries and archives and their shared history. This book will familiarize readers with the development up to the present day and offer a simple but comprehensive background on the key issues in the debate. The main focus is on national libraries and national and regional archives from an international point of view.