[
ABSTRAKIkan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) adalah jenis ikan endemik yang
hidup dominan di Danau Singkarak, Sumatera Barat. Kegiatan penangkapan yang
intensif dan tidak ramah lingkungan serta perubahan kualitas perairan danau
menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan produsi dan ukuran ikan Bilih setiap
tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mutu perairan danau
Singkarak, alat tangkap yang ramah lingkungan sesuai dengan ketentuan Code of
Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) serta pemahaman stakeholders yang
terdiri dari nelayan, konsumen, pedagang, dan pengambil kebijakan terhadap
sumber daya ikan Bilih. Analisis ini dilakukan secara holistik dalam kerangka
konsep Social-Ecological System. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai
BOD, COD, total fosfat, dan TSS di perairan danau berada di atas baku mutu
perairan Kelas II yang disyaratkan oleh Peraturan Pemerintah No. 82 Tahun 2001.
Selain itu penggunaan alat tangkap yang tidak selektif menyebabkan 57,83% ikan
Bilih yang tertangkap berada dalam kondisi belum matang gonad dan 42,19%
berada pada kondisi sedang matang gonad. Sesuai dengan sembilan kriteria yang
ditetapkan FAO melalui CCRF diketahui bahwa jaring langli dengan mata jaring
besar dari ¾ inci sebagai alat tangkap ramah lingkungan. Hasil penelitian juga
menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar stakeholders tidak memahami kondisi ikan
Bilih dan sistem pemijahannya. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengelolaan ikan
Bilih secara holistik melalui pengaturan mata jaring yang digunakan nelayan yaitu
besar dari ¾ inci dan pembatasan jumlah alat tangkap sesuai dengan kondisi
lestari (MSY) serta koordinasi lintas sektor pemerintahan untuk meningkatkan
mutu perairan Danau Singkarak. Pengaturan ini akan meningkatkan penerimaan
nelayan optimal mencapai Rp 1.375.637.000 dalam jangka panjang.
ABSTRACTBilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) is endemic fish species that live
dominantly in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra. The intensive activities and
environmentally unfriendly fishing gear and changes in the water quality of the
lake cause the declining Bilih fish production and decreased size of Bilih fish per
year. This study is aimed at analyzing the quality of Lake Singkarak waters,
environmentally friendly fishing gear in accordance with the provisions of the
Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) and the understanding of
stakeholders that consists of fishermen, consumers, merchants, and policy makers
on Bilih fish resource. This analysis is conducted holistically within the
framework of the concept of Social-Ecological Systems. The results of research
shows that the value of BOD, COD, total phosphate, and TSS in the lake waters is
above the water quality standard Class II required by the Government Regulation
Number 82 of 2001. In addition, the unselective use of fishing gear causes 57.83%
of Bilih fish caught in immature gonads conditions and 42.19% at moderate
mature gonad conditions. As per the criteria established by the FAO CCRF, it is
known that langli net with size larger than ¾ inch is environmentally friendly
fishing gear. The results of the study also indicate that the majority
of stakeholders do not understand the conditions and spawning system of Bilih
fish. Therefore, it is necessary to manage Bilih fish in a holistic manner by setting
the mesh used by the fishermen namely greater than ¾ inch and limiting the
number of fishing gear in accordance with the maximum sustainable yield (MSY)
and cross-sector coordination of government to increase the quality of the waters
of Lake Singkarak. This setting will increase the optimal fishermen revenues up to
IDR 1 .375.637.000 in the long term.;Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) is endemic fish species that live
dominantly in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra. The intensive activities and
environmentally unfriendly fishing gear and changes in the water quality of the
lake cause the declining Bilih fish production and decreased size of Bilih fish per
year. This study is aimed at analyzing the quality of Lake Singkarak waters,
environmentally friendly fishing gear in accordance with the provisions of the
Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) and the understanding of
stakeholders that consists of fishermen, consumers, merchants, and policy makers
on Bilih fish resource. This analysis is conducted holistically within the
framework of the concept of Social-Ecological Systems. The results of research
shows that the value of BOD, COD, total phosphate, and TSS in the lake waters is
above the water quality standard Class II required by the Government Regulation
Number 82 of 2001. In addition, the unselective use of fishing gear causes 57.83%
of Bilih fish caught in immature gonads conditions and 42.19% at moderate
mature gonad conditions. As per the criteria established by the FAO CCRF, it is
known that langli net with size larger than ¾ inch is environmentally friendly
fishing gear. The results of the study also indicate that the majority
of stakeholders do not understand the conditions and spawning system of Bilih
fish. Therefore, it is necessary to manage Bilih fish in a holistic manner by setting
the mesh used by the fishermen namely greater than ¾ inch and limiting the
number of fishing gear in accordance with the maximum sustainable yield (MSY)
and cross-sector coordination of government to increase the quality of the waters
of Lake Singkarak. This setting will increase the optimal fishermen revenues up to
IDR 1 .375.637.000 in the long term., Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) is endemic fish species that live
dominantly in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra. The intensive activities and
environmentally unfriendly fishing gear and changes in the water quality of the
lake cause the declining Bilih fish production and decreased size of Bilih fish per
year. This study is aimed at analyzing the quality of Lake Singkarak waters,
environmentally friendly fishing gear in accordance with the provisions of the
Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) and the understanding of
stakeholders that consists of fishermen, consumers, merchants, and policy makers
on Bilih fish resource. This analysis is conducted holistically within the
framework of the concept of Social-Ecological Systems. The results of research
shows that the value of BOD, COD, total phosphate, and TSS in the lake waters is
above the water quality standard Class II required by the Government Regulation
Number 82 of 2001. In addition, the unselective use of fishing gear causes 57.83%
of Bilih fish caught in immature gonads conditions and 42.19% at moderate
mature gonad conditions. As per the criteria established by the FAO CCRF, it is
known that langli net with size larger than ¾ inch is environmentally friendly
fishing gear. The results of the study also indicate that the majority
of stakeholders do not understand the conditions and spawning system of Bilih
fish. Therefore, it is necessary to manage Bilih fish in a holistic manner by setting
the mesh used by the fishermen namely greater than ¾ inch and limiting the
number of fishing gear in accordance with the maximum sustainable yield (MSY)
and cross-sector coordination of government to increase the quality of the waters
of Lake Singkarak. This setting will increase the optimal fishermen revenues up to
IDR 1 .375.637.000 in the long term.]
T-Wezia Berkademi.pdf :: Unduh