In western Indonesia, Sumatra is the largest population cluster outside Java. It is also the source of most of Indonesia’s exports by value. This paper presents an up to date map of vegetation types found in Sumatra and with an associated map briefly views human occupancy associated with or mapping on vegetation. Other associations on Sumatra besides vegetation include major lakes and river, volcanic cones and clusters, cities and ports, and so on. While the initial impetus for the vegetation map and the main purpose of the paper focused on an updated vegetation map of Sumatra, the closely associated human occupancy by an increasingly large and diverse population pose question for future associations and balances of vegetation types and human use areas in Sumatra.