In this paper I report the results of my observations about the development of small-scale private forests on Java Island. During my travels to various villages on the Island of Java, I observed a lot of small-scale private forests. I also interviewed several forest owners. Clarity of land rights, the high demand for timber leading to attractive prices, adequate road network, changes in demographic structure in rural areas, forestry extension, and other sources of income are the six factors that support the development of small-scale private forests. Difficult situation that is often faced by the farmers is the need for quick cash that had to be met from selling the trees that have not reached optimal growth. Farmers from Kulonprogo District-Yogyakarta overcome the difliculty by forming cooperatives in cooperation with the credit union, while the farmers from District of Blora received microcredit from the government to combat the difficulty. Another impediment to the development of small-scale private forestis the government rule, like the SKAU, which is actually perverse incentive.