Kebijakan sinergi BUMN dalam perspektif kebijakan dan ekonomi persaingan usaha: studi kasus perusahaan terfilih BUMN di Industri Jasa Informasi = policiessynergy in the perspective of economic policy and competition: a case study in the SOE in information services industry

Prasetyo Bayu Murty, author

Abstrak

[ABSTRAK

Dalam menghadapi perekonomian yang semakin global, Pemerintah

menginginkan BUMN-BUMN memiliki daya saing. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, upaya yang dilakukan Pemerintah adalah dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan yang mendorong terjadinya sinergi di antara BUMN, Anak Perusahaan BUMN, dan Perusahaan Terafiliasi BUMN. Kebijakan untuk mendorong terjadinya Sinergi BUMN tersebut, saat ini diterapkan oleh pemerintah melalui Peraturan Menteri BUMN Nomor: Per-15/MBU/2012. Sinergi yang dimaksud dalam peraturan tersebut pada dasarnya adalah dorongan untuk saling melakukan penunjukan langsung di antara BUMN, anak perusahaan dan perusahaan terafiliasinya. Terhadap hal tersebut, KPPU menilai Kebijakan Sinergi BUMN bertentangan dengan prinsip persaingan usaha yang utamanya tercermin dalam putusan dan saran atas perkara nomor 07/KPPU-I/2013.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perspektif kebijakan dan ekonomi persaingan usaha terhadap Kebijakan Sinergi BUMN. Guna menjawab hal tersebut, penelitian ini akan melakukan analisis dengan menggunakan data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif dengan pembatasan studi pada industri jasa teknologi informasi. Data kualitatif dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode penelitian non-doctrinal legal research, sedangkan data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan cara melakukan perhitungan konsentrasi industri. Dari analisis kualitatif yang dilakukan, dapatlah disimpulkan bahwa secara material Kebijakan Sinergi BUMN memiliki beberapa kekurangan yang dapat berdampak terhadap kompetisi ataupun efisiensi. Kendati demikian, oleh karena secara legal formal Kebijakan Sinergi BUMN tetap dapat dilakukan maka diperlukan beberapa perbaikan dalam aturan pelaksanaannya sehingga Kebijakan Sinergi BUMN menjadi tidak

berpotensi merugikan persaingan secara luas. Adapun dari pengolahan data kuantitatif yang dilakukan, dapat diketahui bahwa pada industri jasa teknologi informasi khususnya pasar data center services, Kebijakan Sinergi BUMN dapat berpotensi membatasi persaingan. Hal tersebut terlihat dari angka pertumbuhan kinerja pelaku usaha pesaing, meningkatnya penguasaan pasar dan rendahnya efisiensi Perusahaan Terafiliasi BUMN.

ABSTRACT

In the face of an increasing global economy, Government wants State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) to be more competitive. In order to realize that goal, Government made an effort by issuing policies that foster synergy among SOEs, its Subsidiaries, and Affiliated Companies of the SOE. Currently, policy to encourage business synergy between SOEs is implemented by the Government through SOE?s Minister Regulations No. Per-15 / MBU / 2012. Synergy that stipulated in the minister regulations is basically to permit and encourage procurement with direct appointment method among SOEs, its subsidiaries, and

Affiliated Companies of the SOE. On the contrary, the Antitrust Commission considers such kind of policy is against to the principles of competition. Such consideration was mainly reflected in the Commision verdicts and suggestion on case number 07 / KPPU-I / 2013.

This research was conducted to determine how the perspective of antitrust economic and policy towards synergy of the SOEs. To answer this, this research performed analysis using quantitative and qualitative data. Such data is limited to the information technology services industry. Qualitative data was analyzed by using non-doctrinal legal research method, while quantitative data was analyzed

by calculating industry concentration. From the qualitative analysis carried out, it can be concluded that the SOE? Synergy Policy contains some risks that can influence competition and efficiency. However, because SOE? Synergy Policy

still can be legally implemented, some policy-improvements are needed to ensure

that implementation of the policy will not harm competition. From the

quantitative data processed, it can be known that competition in information

technology services industry in particular market of data center services is

potentially damaged by the SOE? Synergy Policy. This is evident from the

performance of the competitors as well as market share and efficiency of

Affiliated Companies of the SOE.;In the face of an increasing global economy, Government wants State-Owned

Enterprises (SOE) to be more competitive. In order to realize that goal,

Government made an effort by issuing policies that foster synergy among SOEs,

its Subsidiaries, and Affiliated Companies of the SOE. Currently, policy to

encourage business synergy between SOEs is implemented by the Government

through SOE?s Minister Regulations No. Per-15 / MBU / 2012. Synergy that

stipulated in the minister regulations is basically to permit and encourage

procurement with direct appointment method among SOEs, its subsidiaries, and

Affiliated Companies of the SOE. On the contrary, the Antitrust-Commission

considers such kind of policy is against to the principles of competition. Such

consideration was mainly reflected in the Commision?s verdicts and suggestion on

case number 07 / KPPU-I / 2013.

This research was conducted to determine how the perspective of antitrust

economic and policy towards synergy of the SOEs. To answer this, this research

performed analysis using quantitative and qualitative data. Such data is limited to

the information technology services industry. Qualitative data was analyzed by

using non-doctrinal legal research method, while quantitative data was analyzed

by calculating industry concentration. From the qualitative analysis carried out, it

can be concluded that the SOE? Synergy Policy contains some risks that can

influence competition and efficiency. However, because SOE? Synergy Policy