[
ABSTRAKGangguan bipolar dikenal memiliki kaitan dengan berbagai komorbiditas
klinis yang memengaruhi pekerjaan, kehidupan berkeluarga, dan fungsi
interpersonal. Duapertiga pasien dengan gangguan bipolar memiliki komorbid
yang akan memperburuk luaran gangguan bipolar dan dapat menganggu
penatalaksanaan terhadap penyakitnya. Belum ada penelitian yang
menggambarkan frekuensi komorbiditas fisik yang terjadi pada penderita bipolar
di Indonesia. Rumah Sakit Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi sebagai rumah sakit jiwa tertua
di Indonesia juga belum memiliki data mengenai jenis dan frekuensi komorbid
fisik, mengingat bahwa rumah sakit ini juga menangani rawat inap umum di
samping rawat inap psikiatri
Metode:
Penelitian menggunakan rancangan potong lintang pada 100 orang dengan
Gangguan Bipolar di Poliklinik Jiwa Dewasa dan Bangsal Psikiatri R.S. Dr. H.
Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrument Structured
Clinical Interview For the DSM-IV Axis I Disorders untuk menentukan Gangguan
Bipolar, dan kriteria diagnostik sepuluh komorbid fisik yang mengacu pada
kriteria diagnostik masing-masing komorbid fisik.
Hasil:
Pada penelitian ini didapatkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara umur
dengan terjadinya komorbid fisik yaitu p= 0.001(p di bawah 0.005). Pada analisis
tambahan didapatkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara pemberian obat
polifarmasi/monoterapi dengan terjadinya komobid fisik terbanyak yakni
hipertensi (nilai p= 0,0001). Pada sepuluh komorbid fisik yang dinilai, migrain,
hipertensi dan dermatitis merupakan yang paling banyak.
Simpulan
Hipertensi, migrain dan dermatitis merupakan tiga besar komorbid fisik di
R.S. Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara umur
dengan terjadinya komorbid fisik. Pemberian obat polifarmasi/monoterapi juga
bermakna dalam terjadinya hipertensi. Diperlukan kewaspadaan psikiater dalam
mengawasi terjadinya komorbid fisik pada gangguan bipolar di layanan psikiatri.
ABSTRACTBipolar disorders are known to cause various clinical comorbidity that
may affect work, family and interpersonal function. Two third of bipolar disorder
have comorbidities that may worsen the outcome of bipolar itself and interfere
with it's therapy. There has not been sufficient study about physical comorbidities
in bipolar in Indonesia. As the oldest psychiatric hospital in Indonesia that treats
physical and psychiatric inpatients, Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi hospital still lacks
data concerning types and frequencies of physical comorbidities.
Method:
This research uses cross-sectional design from 100 people with bipolar
disorder at Psychiatric Clinic and Psychiatric Ward at Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi
Bogor Hospital. This research also uses the Structured Clinical Interview For the
DSM-IV Axis I Disorders to ensure the bipolar diagnosis, and criteria diagnostic
for ten physical comorbidities from each of their field.
Result:
There is a significant relationship in this research between age and
physical comorbidities p=0.001 (p below 0,005). In the additional analysis, there
are significant relationship in this research between polypharmacy / monotherapy
and hypertension (p=0,0001). Migraine, hypertension, and dermatitis were the
top three physical comorbidities in this research.
Conclusion:
Hypertension, migraine and dermatitis are the top three in our physical
comorbidities in Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi hospital. Age has a significant
relationship with physical comorbidities. Polipharmacy and monotherapy also
has significances in hypertension. Therefore psychiatrist must be aware about the
possibility of physical comorbidity in the psychiatric care, Bipolar disorders are known to cause various clinical comorbidity that
may affect work, family and interpersonal function. Two third of bipolar disorder
have comorbidities that may worsen the outcome of bipolar itself and interfere
with it’s therapy. There has not been sufficient study about physical comorbidities
in bipolar in Indonesia. As the oldest psychiatric hospital in Indonesia that treats
physical and psychiatric inpatients, Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi hospital still lacks
data concerning types and frequencies of physical comorbidities.
Method:
This research uses cross-sectional design from 100 people with bipolar
disorder at Psychiatric Clinic and Psychiatric Ward at Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi
Bogor Hospital. This research also uses the Structured Clinical Interview For the
DSM-IV Axis I Disorders to ensure the bipolar diagnosis, and criteria diagnostic
for ten physical comorbidities from each of their field.
Result:
There is a significant relationship in this research between age and
physical comorbidities p=0.001 (p below 0,005). In the additional analysis, there
are significant relationship in this research between polypharmacy / monotherapy
and hypertension (p=0,0001). Migraine, hypertension, and dermatitis were the
top three physical comorbidities in this research.
Conclusion:
Hypertension, migraine and dermatitis are the top three in our physical
comorbidities in Dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi hospital. Age has a significant
relationship with physical comorbidities. Polipharmacy and monotherapy also
has significances in hypertension. Therefore psychiatrist must be aware about the
possibility of physical comorbidity in the psychiatric care]
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