[ABSTRAK
Sebagai penguasa Asia, Portugis berhasil menguasai perdagangan di Samudera Hindia pada tahun 1505 di bawah kepemimpinan raja Manuel1, karena pada saat itu tidak ada angkatan laut yang dapat menandingi kekuatan armada Portugis di Asia. Terlebih lagi, mereka memiliki sistem navigasi yang canggih. Keadaan itu pun dimanfaatkan oleh Portugis untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang sebesar-besarnya, salah satunya adalah dengan membuat sistem cartazes, yang memaksa para pedagang atau pelaut untuk membayar pajak di setiap pos perdagangan Portugis. Portugis pun melakukan monopoli perdagangan dengan melarang para pedagang membawa rempah-rempah ketika melewati pos mereka. Sebaliknya, para pedagang justru harus menjual rempah-rempah itu ke pihak Portugis dengan harga yang sangat murah. Akan tetapi, Portugis mengalami kerugian karena korupsi. Selain itu, mahalnya tarif cartazes membuat para pedagang memilih jalur lain dan menghindari pos Portugis.ABSTRACT As a ruler of Asia, the Portuguese managed to dominate the trade in Indian Ocean in 1505, under the command of King Manuel, because at that time, there was no navy that can compete the power of the Portuguese?s fleet in Asia. Moreover, they have a sophisticated navigation system. That situation was also used by the Portuguese to get a lot of benefit, one of which is to create a cartazes system, which forced the traders or sailors to pay taxes on any Portuguese?s trading post. Portuguese monopolized the trading by prohibiting the traders to bring the spices when passing their posts. Instead, the traders actually have to sell that spices to the Portuguese with a very low price. However, the Portuguese loss because of corruption that is done by their officers. In addition, the high rates of cartazes makes traders to choose another path and avoid Portuguese?s posts.;As a ruler of Asia, the Portuguese managed to dominate the trade in Indian Ocean in 1505, under the command of King Manuel, because at that time, there was no navy that can compete the power of the Portuguese?s fleet in Asia. Moreover, they have a sophisticated navigation system. That situation was also used by the Portuguese to get a lot of benefit, one of which is to create a cartazes system, which forced the traders or sailors to pay taxes on any Portuguese?s trading post. Portuguese monopolized the trading by prohibiting the traders to bring the spices when passing their posts. Instead, the traders actually have to sell that spices to the Portuguese with a very low price. However, the Portuguese loss because of corruption that is done by their officers. In addition, the high rates of cartazes makes traders to choose another path and avoid Portuguese?s posts.;As a ruler of Asia, the Portuguese managed to dominate the trade in Indian Ocean in 1505, under the command of King Manuel, because at that time, there was no navy that can compete the power of the Portuguese?s fleet in Asia. Moreover, they have a sophisticated navigation system. That situation was also used by the Portuguese to get a lot of benefit, one of which is to create a cartazes system, which forced the traders or sailors to pay taxes on any Portuguese?s trading post. Portuguese monopolized the trading by prohibiting the traders to bring the spices when passing their posts. Instead, the traders actually have to sell that spices to the Portuguese with a very low price. However, the Portuguese loss because of corruption that is done by their officers. In addition, the high rates of cartazes makes traders to choose another path and avoid Portuguese?s posts., As a ruler of Asia, the Portuguese managed to dominate the trade in Indian Ocean in 1505, under the command of King Manuel, because at that time, there was no navy that can compete the power of the Portuguese’s fleet in Asia. Moreover, they have a sophisticated navigation system. That situation was also used by the Portuguese to get a lot of benefit, one of which is to create a cartazes system, which forced the traders or sailors to pay taxes on any Portuguese’s trading post. Portuguese monopolized the trading by prohibiting the traders to bring the spices when passing their posts. Instead, the traders actually have to sell that spices to the Portuguese with a very low price. However, the Portuguese loss because of corruption that is done by their officers. In addition, the high rates of cartazes makes traders to choose another path and avoid Portuguese’s posts.]