[Latar Belakang. Deteksi dini risiko pajanan ergonomi di tempat kerja
menggunakan instrumen skrining merupakan salah satu cara cepat dan mudah
yang dapat dilakukan. Instrumen RULA dan ceklis OCRA merupakan metode
penilaian semi-kuantitatif yang cukup banyak digunakan namun belum diketahui
penerapannya pada sektor informal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
kesesuaian hasil penilaian menggunakan instrumen OCRA dengan RULA untuk
skrining UE-WMSDs pada kelompok pekerja pengrajin logam informal.
Metode. Penelitian menggunakan disain potong lintang terhadap pengrajin logam
informal Citeureup, Kabupaten Bogor. Penilaian dilakukan dengan mengamati
aktivitas subyek selama delapan jam kerja per hari pada 17 bagian kerja kemudian
memberikan skor berdasarkan lembar ceklis. Hasil total skor dikategorikan
menjadi acceptable ( OCRA: ≤ 7,5; RULA: ≤ 2) dan berisiko (OCRA: ≥ 7,6;
RULA ≥ 3).
Hasil. Pada total subyek pekerja 78 orang didapatkan 52/78 (74,3%) subyek
berisiko untuk tangan kanan dan 15/78 (34,9%) subyek untuk tangan kiri pada
kedua metode. Berdasarkan tugas kerja didapatkan 13/17 bagian berisiko untuk
kanan dan 6/17 kiri. Perbedaan hasil OCRA dan RULA terutama pada bagian
bubut dan pemotongan (manual dan semi-automatis).Secara umum instrumen
RULA menilai lebih banyak risiko UE-WMSDs dibandingkan OCRA dengan
kesesuaian dari kedua metode ini rendah pada kedua ekstremitas (kappa (kanan):
0,07; kappa (kiri): 0,17).
Simpulan dan Saran. Metode RULA lebih dianjurkan sebagai instrumen
skrining UE-WMSDs pada pekerja logam informal. Dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut terhadap instrumen skrining lain dan penilaian keseluruhan proses kerja untuk penentuan metode yang paling sesuai. ;Background. The use of screening instrument is considered as effective methods for
early detection of ergonomic risk exposure at workplace. RULA and OCRA-checklists
are semi-quantitative assessment methods that have been widely used, but not widely
applied particularly in the informal sector. This study determines the goodness of fit of
OCRA-checklists compared with RULA for screening UE-WMSDs on metalworkers
informal groups.
Method. This study used a cross-sectional design involving informal metalworkers
groups in Citeureup-Bogor . Subjects? assessments being done by observing eight-houractivity
per
day
for
each
subjects
in
17
workstation
and
by
scoring
checklist
sheets.
Total
score
results
were
categorized
into acceptable (OCRA: ≤ 7.5; RULA: ≤ 2) and high risk
(OCRA: ≥ 7.6; RULA ≥ 3).
Result. A total of 78 subjects, both methods showed 52/78(74.3%) subjects were at risk
for right hand and 15/78 (34.9%) subjects for left hand. Based on job task, 13/17 jobs
were high risk for the right and 6/17 for the left hand. There were result difference
between OCRA and RULA instruments especially for lathe and cutting (manual and
semi-automatic) jobs. Generally, RULA instrument assess more risks factors than OCRAchecklist
so that goodness of fit was low for both extremities (kappa score right: 0.07;
left: 0.17).
Conclusion and Recommendation. RULA method is more recommended as UEWMSDs
screening
instrument
for
informal metalworkers groups. Further research using
other type of screening instruments and overall tasks assessment is necessary to find most appropriate method. , Background. The use of screening instrument is considered as effective methods for
early detection of ergonomic risk exposure at workplace. RULA and OCRA-checklists
are semi-quantitative assessment methods that have been widely used, but not widely
applied particularly in the informal sector. This study determines the goodness of fit of
OCRA-checklists compared with RULA for screening UE-WMSDs on metalworkers
informal groups.
Method. This study used a cross-sectional design involving informal metalworkers
groups in Citeureup-Bogor . Subjects’ assessments being done by observing eight-houractivity
per
day
for
each
subjects
in
17
workstation
and
by
scoring
checklist
sheets.
Total
score
results
were
categorized
into acceptable (OCRA: ≤ 7.5; RULA: ≤ 2) and high risk
(OCRA: ≥ 7.6; RULA ≥ 3).
Result. A total of 78 subjects, both methods showed 52/78(74.3%) subjects were at risk
for right hand and 15/78 (34.9%) subjects for left hand. Based on job task, 13/17 jobs
were high risk for the right and 6/17 for the left hand. There were result difference
between OCRA and RULA instruments especially for lathe and cutting (manual and
semi-automatic) jobs. Generally, RULA instrument assess more risks factors than OCRAchecklist
so that goodness of fit was low for both extremities (kappa score right: 0.07;
left: 0.17).
Conclusion and Recommendation. RULA method is more recommended as UEWMSDs
screening
instrument
for
informal metalworkers groups. Further research using
other type of screening instruments and overall tasks assessment is necessary to find most appropriate method. ]
SP-Sitti Balkis.pdf :: Unduh