ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Prevalens obesitas anak dan remaja semakin meningkat.Obesitas merupakan masalah yang penting karena dianggap sebagai salah satufaktor risiko utama terjadinya penyakit jantung, resistensi insulin, diabetesmellitus tipe 2 (DMT2), hipertensi, dan stroke. Diperkirakan 80% anak yangmengalami obesitas akan terus mengalami kondisi tersebut pada saat dewasa.Sebelum anak mencapai pubertas, intervensi dini pada diet dan aktivitas fisissangat penting sebagai tata laksana obesitas anak. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisis terhadap indeks massa tubuh (IMT), asupan makan, aktivitas fisis, dan kebugaran pada anak obesusia 6-9 tahun. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan uji pre dan pasca-intervensi pada murid SDusia 6-9 tahun di SD Marsudirini dan SD Melania Jakarta pada bulan SeptemberDesember2015. Intervensidietberupaanalisisdanedukasidietpadasubyekdanorangtua.Intervensiaktivitasfisisdiberikansebanyak3 kali60 menitpermingguselama12minggudenganintensitassedangvigorous.Pengukuran tingkataktivitas fisis menggunakan Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-C).Pengambilan data dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penelitian dengan penambahandata IMT pada pertengahan penelitian. Hasil: 25 subyek ikut serta pada awal penelitian, 23 subyek menyelesaikanpenelitian. Pada akhir intevensi, terdapat hasil yang bermakna pada penurunanIMT -1.16 kg/m2(p<0,001), asupan makan -772,58 kkal (p<0,001), danpeningkatan 3 komponen tes kebugaran (lari 30 m, loncat vertikal, and baringduduk). Sebelas subyek mengalami penurunan IMT sehingga mencapai statusnutrisi gizi lebih. Terdapat peningkatan nilai PAQ-C 0,15, namun peningkatan initidak bermakna. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara penurunan IMT dengan kehadiranlatihan fisis dan penurunan asupan makan subyek. Simpulan : Intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisis selama 12 minggu pada anak obesusia 6-9 tahun menyebabkan penurunan IMT, asupan makan, dan peningkatankebugaran. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya multidisiplin ilmu dalam tata laksana anak dengan obesitas. ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents has

dramatically increased. Obesity is considered as risk factor for cardiovascular

disease and associated with comorbid conditions such as insulin resistance, type 2

diabetes mellitus, hypertension and stroke. It has been observed that 80% of obese

adolescents will persist into adulthood. Early dietary and physical activity

intervention of childhood obesity is mandated before reaching puberty.

Objective: To examine the effects of 12-week dietary and physical activity

intervention on body mass index (BMI), dietary intake, physical activity, and

fitness in 6-9 years old obese children.

Methods: In this one group pre and post test design, 25 obese children were

subjected to 12-weeks dietary and physical activity intervention. All children were

between 6-9 years old and attending primary education in SD Marsudirini I and

SD Melania III. Dietary intervention were given in the form of dietary analysis

and education 4 times with 1 month interval. Physical activity intervention were

given 3 times weekly (60 minutes duration) with moderate to vigorous exercise

intensity. Measurement of physical activity was done using Physical Activity

Questionnaire (PAQ-C). Data collection were done at intial and final time of

intervention with additional of BMI on mid time of intervention.

Results: From 25 observed subjects, 23 subjects completed the program. There

were significant reduction in BMI -1.16 kg/m

2

(p<0,001), dietary intake -772,58

kkal (p<0,001), and improvement of 3 components of fitness test (30 m sprint,

vertical jump, and sit-up). Eleven subjects managed to reach BMI level for

overweight nutritional status. There was an increase in PAQ-C level 0.15

(p=0,389). However, there was no correlation between decrease dietary intake or

exercise attendance with the decrease of BMI.

Conclusions: Our data demonstrate beneficial effects of a combined dietary and

physical activity intervention among 6-9 years old obese children. These results

highlight the importance of multidisciplinary programs for the treatment of childhood obesity.