ABSTRAKFenomena regionalisme ekonomi yang berlangsung di kawasan Asia-Pasifik pasca
berakhirnya Perang Dingin memiliki karakteristik yang unik dan berbeda
dibandingkan dengan regionalisme ekonomi yang terjadi di kawasan lainnya.
Karakteristik utama dari regionalisme ekonomi di kawasan Asia-Pasifik adalah
prinsip open regionalism. Pemahaman lebih lanjut mengenai fenomena regionalisme
ekonomi di kawasan Asia-Pasifik dan prinsip open regionalism dapat ditelaah melalui
eksistensi Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). APEC merupakan pelopor
kerangka kerja sama ekonomi regional antarnegara di kawasan Asia-Pasifik yang
berfokus pada agenda liberalisasi perekonomian regional. Penulisan tinjauan literatur
ini bertujuan untuk meneliti eksistensi APEC dalam dinamika regionalisme ekonomi
di kawasan Asia-Pasifik melalui metode kronologi. Berdasarkan metode kronologi,
penulisan tinjauan literatur ini membagi periodisasi perkembangan kajian literatur
tentang APEC ke dalam tiga periode yang berbeda. Tiga periode perkembangan
kajian literatur tentang APEC tersebut terbagi menjadi (1) Periode I (Formative
Years, 1990-1994), (2) Periode II (Stagnation Years, 1995-2001), dan (3) Periode III
(Adjustment Years, 2002-2009). Penulisan tinjauan literatur ini mengidentifikasi
bahwa terdapat lima isu dominan yang berkaitan erat dengan eksistensi APEC dalam
dinamika regionalisme ekonomi di kawasan Asia-Pasifik, antara lain isu
kepemimpinan, isu pembentukan kerja sama, isu pembentukan institusi, isu integrasi
regional, dan isu tata kelola regional. Penulisan tinjauan literatur ini juga mengamati
bahwa dalam kondisi internasional dan regional Asia-Pasifik yang terkini, APEC
mengalami peralihan fokus pada agenda kerja sama ekonomi regionalnya, yang pada
awalnya berfokus pada agenda liberalisasi ekonomi regional menjadi agenda integrasi
ekonomi regional.
ABSTRACTThe phenomenon of economic regionalism which occurs in the Asia-Pacific region
after the end of the Cold War has unique and distinct characteristics compared to the
economic regionalism that happens in other regions. The main characteristic of
economic regionalism that takes place in the Asia-Pacific region is the principle of
open regionalism. Further comprehension of the phenomenon of economic
regionalism in the Asia-Pacific region and also the principle of open regionalism can
be examined through the existence of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
(APEC). APEC is the pioneer of the framework of regional intergovernmental
economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region which focuses on the agenda of
regional economic liberalization. This literature review aims to examine the existence
of APEC in the dynamics of economic regionalism in the Asia-Pacific region by
applying the method of chronology. Based on the application of the method of
chronology, this literature review divides the periodization of the evolution of a series
of relevant literature about APEC into three different periods. The periodization is
divided into (1) Period I (Formative Years, 1990-1994), (2) Period II (Stagnation
Years, 1995-2001), and (3) Period III (Adjustment Years, 2002-2009). This literature
review identified that there are five dominant issues which are closely related to the
existence of APEC in the dynamics of economic regionalism in the Asia-Pacific
region, as follows: leadership, cooperation building, institution building, regional
integration, and regional governance. This literature review also observed that, in the
context of current international and regional circumstances that happens in the Asia-
Pacific region, APEC has been experiencing a transition of its focus from the agenda
of regional economic liberalization regional economic integration.
TA-Nur Ramadhanny Evasari.pdf :: Unduh