Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 1-6Oral candidiasis, the most common opponunistic oral fungal infection in human is mainly caused by Candida albicans. Predisposing factors in this disease include immunosuppression, medications, malignancies, endocrine disorders, nutritional deficiencies, high-carbohydrate diet, salivary changes, dental prostheses, smoking and poor oral hygiene. We repod a case of oral candidiasis with severe iron deficiency anemia as an underlying factor in a 40 years old male patient, based on the history, clinical findings and fungal examinations. Case management included prescribing anti-fungal agent, identification and conection of predisposing factors and elimination of oral fungal reservoir. The oral lesions were reduced with improving systemic condition. We concluded that comprehensive management is required to achieve an optimal improvement in this case.