Background: Adaptation and natural selection serve as an important part of evolution. Adaptation in molecular level
can lead to genetic drift which causes mutation of genetic material; one of which is polymorphism of mitochondrial
DNA (mtDNA). The aim of this study is to verify the polymorphism of mitochondrially-encoded Adenosine
Triphosphate synthase6gene (MT-ATP6) as one of mtDNA building blocks among tropic, sub-tropic, and polar areas.
Methods: This descriptive quantitative research used 3,210 mtDNA sequences, taken from GenBank, as secondary data
from 27 different populations. The data were grouped into 3 population groups based on the climates of their location.
After grouping, the sequences were then aligned and trimmed using Unipro EUGENE, and analyzed by Arlequin and
MitoTool. Results: Results demonstrated 21 haplotypes distributed among 3 populations with variations between each
climate population. In the tropic and sub-tropic populations, the dominant haplotype is h1 while h6 is dominant in the
polar population. Conclusions: There is a variation of haplotype polymorphism between tropic, sub-tropic, and polar
climate population.
