Tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) sampah domestik dengan sistem
penampungan terbuka sangat berisiko mencemari air tanah milik warga
yang bermukim di sekitarnya melalui proses perlindian. Untuk mengetahui
kandungan logam berat dalam air tanah di sekitar TPA, sebanyak 68
sampel air sumur gali (45 sumur Dusun I dan 23 sumur Dusun IV) dari Desa
Namobintang Kecamatan Pancurbatu Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera
Utara, telah dianalisis dengan inductively couple plasma atomic emission
spectroscopy. Hubungan jarak sumur dengan konsentrasi kromium,
merkuri, dan timbal diuji dengan Mann-Whitney, Spearman?s Correlation
dan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan
konsentrasi kromium, timbal, dan merkuri (rerata ± deviasi standar, mg/L)
masing-masing 0,036 ± 0,0096; 0,0003 ± 0,00018; dan 0,005 ± 0,0041
(Dusun I); 0,0370 ± 0,0115; 0,00026 ± 0,00013; dan 0,0070 ± 0,0069
(Dusun IV). Dari 68 sumur yang dianalisis, hanya ada 8 sumur yang
konsentrasi timbalnya melebihi batas menurut Peraturan Kementerian
Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 492/Per/IV/2010. Sementara itu,
tidak ada korelasi jarak sumur gali ke TPA dengan konsentrasi kromium,
merkuri, dan timbal dalam air sumur gali tersebut. Disimpulkan bahwa
perlindian sampah di Namobintang tidak mencemari air sumur-sumur gali
yang berjarak 84 meter atau lebih dari TPA.
Dumping site of domestic wastes has potential risk to contaminate ground-
water of the surrounding population through leaching process. To determine
heavy metals (chromium, lead, and mercury) in groundwater at surround-
ing dumping site, a total of 68 dig well water samples (45 from Hamlet I and
23 from Hamlet IV) of Namobintang Village, Pancurbatu Sub-District of Deli
Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, were analyzed using Inductively Couple
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. The relationship between the dig
well distance and chromium, mercury, and lead content was tested by
Mann-Whitney, Spearman?s Correlation and Simple Linier Regression. The
result of this study showed that chromium, lead, and mercury concentra-
tions (mean ± SD, mg/L) were 0.036 ± 0.0096; 0.0003 ± 0.00018; and
0.005 ± 0.0041 (Hamlet I); 0.0370 ± 0.0115; 0.00026 ± 0.00013; and
0.0070 ± 0.0069 (Hamlet IV). Of 68 dig well water samples analyzed, there
were only 8 water samples that had lead concentrations exceeding the
drinking water limit of Peraturan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik
Indonesia Nomor 492/Per/IV/2010. Meanwhile, there was no correlation of
dig well distance to dumping site and heavy metal concentrations in dig well
water. The study concluded that solid waste leachate in Namobintang did
not contaminate the dig wells water located at 84 meters or more from the
dumping site.
