Penyakit malaria masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat
yang penting di dunia. Di Indonesia, terutama di luar daerah Jawa dan Bali,
sampai kini angka kesakitan malaria masih tergolong tinggi. Di Puskesmas
Bunta Kabupaten Banggai, pada tahun 2008 Annual Malaria Incidence
(AMI) dilaporkan mencapai 109,9?. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
membandingkan serta mengetahui hubungan gejala, tanda klinis, dan hasil
pemeriksaan mikroskopik malaria. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah
cross sectional. Pengumpulan data wawancara dan mengambil sediaan
darah dilakukan pada 150 penderita suspect malaria di puskesmas dan
rumah penduduk. Penderita malaria klinis dengan pemeriksaan mikros-
kopik malaria positif ditemukan sekitar 52%. Gejala dan tanda klinis malaria
yang berhubungan bermakna dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopik meliputi
menggigil (nilai p = 0,000); sakit kepala (nilai p = 0,007); nyeri otot/ tulang
(nilai p = 0,001); pusing (nilai p = 0,000); demam (nilai p = 0,003); anemia
(nilai p = 0,000); dan splenomegali (nilai p = 0,000). Berdasarkan analisis
multivariat ditemukan gejala dan tanda klinis yang paling dominan
berhubungan dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopik adalah menggigil (nilai p =
0,002; CI 95% = 1,593 _ 7,797) dan anemia (nilai p = 0,000; CI 95% = 2,265
_ 11,191) yang merupakan faktor prediksi terbaik untuk diagnosis dini,
skrining, dan surveilans malaria.
Malaria which morbidity still high is one of health problems in the world in-
cluding in Indonesia, mainly in outside Java and Bali island. In Bunta Public
Health Center Banggai Regency in 2008, the AMI was 109,9? still high.
The objective of this research is to compare and to know the relationship
between clinical malaria diagnosis and microscophic examination. The
methods used in research were observasional study with cross sectional
study by interviewing and taking blood stoke of malaria suspected among 150 respondents in Public Health Center and people residents. The data
was analyzed by SPSS program according to univariate, bivariat, and mul-
tivariate. The result showed that positive mycroscopic cases among clinical
malaria cases is 52%. The sign and symptomps of malaria is corelated to
positif microscophic examinated cases such as shiver (p value = 0,000);
headache (p value = 0,007); muscle/bones pain (p value = 0,001); dizzy-
ness (p value = 0,000); fever >37,5°C (p value = 0,003); anemia (p value =
0,000); and splenomegaly (p value = 0,000). Based on the multivariate test,
indicated that the sign and symptoms that related dominantly to micros-
cophic examination includes shiver symptom (p value = 0,002; CI 95% =
1,593 _ 7,797) and anemia (p value = 0,000; CI 95% = 2,265 _ 11,191).
Malaria clinical signs and symtomps is the alternative diagnosis of malaria
in endemic areas that have microscophic examination restictiveness.
