Resistensi antibiotik merupakan ancaman terbesar di dunia kesehatan. Penyebab resistensi diantaranya yaitu penggunaan antibiotik yang berlebihan dan tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kualitas dan kuantitas penggunaan antibiotik di beberapa Puskesmas Kabupaten Tegal sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi edukasi. Desain penelitian pre eksperimental (pre - post intervension design) menggunakan data peresepan pasien rawat jalan periode 1 Juni 2018 - 31 Januari 2019 dan Laporan Penggunaan dan Lembar Permintaan Obat (LPLPO) di lima Puskesmas Kabupaten Tegal. Intervensi edukasi diberikan kepada seluruh penulis resep. Kualitas peresepan dinilai dengan membandingkan pemilihan obat, dosis pemberian, frekuensi pemberian dan durasi pemberian antara yang tertulis pada resep dan Panduan Praktik Klinis Fasilitas Kesehatan Primer 2014. Kuantitas penggunaan obat dihitung dalam satuan DDD / 1000 Kunjungan Pasien Rawat Jalan (KPRJ)/ hari. Diperoleh sampel kualitas peresepan sebanyak 1204 resep pada pre intervensi dan 1254 resep pada post intervensi. Ketidaksesuaian dalam durasi terapi memiliki proporsi kejadian yang paling tinggi (56,72%). Secara keseluruhan terjadi penurunan yang bermakna pada ketidaksesuaian peresepan antibiotik dari 98.08% pada pre intervensi menjadi 81.26% post intervensi (p value : 0.012). Faktor yang mempengaruhi peresepan antibiotik diantaranya kualifikasi penulis resep dan pengalaman penulis resep. Kuantitas penggunaan Antibiotik mengalami penurunan dari 14, 960 DDD / 1000 KPRJ/ hari pada pre intervensi menjadi 9, 375 DDD / 1000 KPRJ / hari pada post intervensi. Namun, penurunan bersifat tidak signifikan (p value : 0, 062).

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Antibiotic resistance has posed a serious threat to global health, and one of the reasons for such resistance is the inappropriate use of antibiotics as well as antibiotic overuse. This study aimed to evaluate the quantity and quality of antibiotic use in a number of primary healthcare centers in the District of Tegal prior to and after a health education intervention was provided. This pre-experimental research (pre-post intervention design) employed the outpatient prescribing data over the period of 1 June 2018 through 31 January 2019 and Drug Use Report and Request Form (LPLPO) in five (5) primary healthcare centers in the District of Tegal. A health education intervention was provided for each prescriber. The prescribing quality was assessed by drawing a comparison between the drug selection, dosage of administration, frequency of administration, and duration of administration in the prescriptions and those advised in the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Primary Healthcare Facilities 2014. The quantity of drug use was calculated in a unit of DDD/1000 of Outpatient/day. For the prescribing quality analysis, 1204 prescriptions in the pre-intervention phase and 1254 prescriptions in the post-intervention phase were obtained. Inappropriate duration of administration reached the highest percentage (56.72%). Overall, the inappropriateness of antibiotic prescribing decreased significantly from 98.08% during the pre-intervention phase to 81.26% in the post-intervention phase (p value : 0.012). The contributing factors of antibiotic prescribing included the qualification of prescribers and their experience in prescribing. There was a decrease in the quantity of antibiotic use from 14,960 DDD/1000 of KPRJ/day in pre-intervention to 9,375 DDD/1000 of KPRJ/day in post-intervention. However, the reduction was unsignificant (p value: 0.062).