Kegiatan spionase asing melalui Aktivitas jurnalistik di Indonesia berpotensi melemahkan keamanan nasional Indonesia, sehingga upaya pencegahan dapat dilakukan sebagai deteksi dini dan peringatan dini melalui peranan intelijen sebelum merekomendasikan izin visa jurnalis asing yang masuk ke Indonesia. Dilema permasalahan muncul ketika kebijakan izin khusus bagi jurnalisme asing untuk pencegahan masuknya spionase asing tersebut dinilai oleh beberapa komunitas wartawan di Indonesia sebagai pembatasan kebebasan pers di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis peranan Intelijen untuk melakukan deteksi dini dan peringatan dini dalam pencegahan kegiatan spionase melalui Aktivitas jurnalistik asing di Indonesia, (2) mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis Aktivitas jurnalistik asing yang berpotensi melakukan kegiatan spionase serta melemahkan keamanan nasional, (3) merumuskan deteksi dini dan peringatan dini yang tepat untuk dilakukan penyelenggara intelijen negara dengan mengutamakan kebebasan pers. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan data kualitatif. Obyek yang dijadikan studi untuk penelitian ini adalah penyelenggara intelijen yang mempunyai peranan melakukan pencegahan terhadap kegiatan spionase asing melalui Aktivitas jurnalistik asing di Indonesia. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori kontra intelijen. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dalam penelitian ini (1) pelaksanaan deteksi dini dan peringatan dini dalam rangka pencegahan kegiatan spionase asing melalui Aktivitas jurnalistik asing ditentukan oleh kekuatan regulasi yang memadai, kemampuan SDM intelijen, kualitas produk intelijen, kegiatan atau operasi kontra intelijen dan kualitas koordinasi intelijen, (2) Aktivitas jurnalistik asing yang berpotensi melakukan kegiatan spionase dan melemahkan keamanan nasional adalah jurnalistik asing yang melakukan covert action dan melanggar izin jurnalistik asing di Indonesia, (3) perumusan deteksi dini dan peringatan dini yang mengutamakan kebebasan pers dengan cara memberikan kemudahan akses pengajuan aplikasi perizinan melakukan Aktivitas jurnalistik asing di Indonesia.

---

Foreign espionage through journalistic activities in Indonesia have potential to weaken Indonesias national security, that prevention efforts by intelligence bodies are needed as an early detection and warning system before visa permit could be issued for those foreign journalists. The dilemma arises when such special permit policy for foreign journalists to prevent foreign espionage activities is considered as a limitation of freedom of press by some journalist communities in Indonesia.

The research objectives are (1) to identify and analyze the role of state intelligence bodies in performing early detection and warning to prevent espionage activities by foreign journalists in Indonesia, (2) to identify and analyze foreign journalistic activities that have potential to be compromised by espionage activities which may cripple national security, (3) to formulate an appropriate early detection and warning approach to be performed by the state intelligence bodies without infringing the freedom of press principles. This research used a descriptive qualitative data approach. The object of the study is the state intelligence bodies responsible to prevent foreign espionage activities by foreign journalists in Indonesia. This study used counter-intelligence theory. Data collection are performed through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation.

The results of the study (1) implementation of early detection and warning system to prevent foreign espionage activities by foreign journalists are determined by adequate regulatory power, human resources capability, quality of intelligence products, counterintelligence activities or operations and quality of intelligence coordination, (2) Foreign journalists that have potential to carry out espionage activities and endanger national security are those who carry out covert action and violate their press permit, (3) formulation of early detection and warning system which prioritizes freedom of the press should take into account providing easy access for foreign journalists to apply for legal permit to carry out foreign journalistic activities in Indonesia.