Dr. Azahari adalah anggota Al-Jamaah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) sejak tahun 1993. Ia berperan sebagai perakit bom dan menjadi salah satu aktor intelektual peledakkan bom yang dilakukan Al-JI di Indonesia. Bom karya Dr. Azahari memiliki ciri khusus yang dikenal sebagai bom signature. Hal ini membuat pakar bom mudah mengidentifikasi dan mengenali bom buatannya. Dr. Azahari sempat mengajarkan beberapa anggota Al-JI, bahkan telah membukukan serta menyebarkan tentang cara membuat bom. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori McClelland dan Teori Pilihan Rasional. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengantisipasi ancaman-ancaman yang muncul berdasarkan kasus Dr. Azahari bersama Al-JI. Metode penelitian yaitu metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yakni studi literatur, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Untuk memeriksa keabsahan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dr. Azahari menjadi pelaku teror karena menghadapi masalah dan pengaruh lingkungannya. Aksi teror yang melibatkan Dr. Azahari selalu menggunakan pilihan rasional dan dapat dikenali oleh aparat melalui modus operandi, salah satunya bom signature. Ciri khusus bom signature dianalisis melalui komponen dan rancangan bom. Selain itu, bom signature dibuat dari bahan-bahan baku yang mudah didapat dan bertujuan untuk mendapat pengakuan (Need of Achievement). Kasus Dr. Azahari membuktikan bahwa individu yang berpendidikan tinggi dapat terekrut kelompok teroris dan menghasilkan aksi teror yang berdampak signifikan. Hal-hal yang perlu diantisipasi karena menjadi bukti ancaman, yakni: radikalisasi atau perekrutan kelompok teroris dapat terjadi di lembaga Pendidikan dan lembaga keagamaan; perubahan sikap individu yang menarik diri dari keterlibatan sosial dan suka menyendiri; penyalagunaan fasilitas kampus untuk kegiatan terorisme; adanya bom sekunder pada aksi teror; penggunaan media online untuk kegiatan terorisme; kemudahan mendapatkan bahan-bahan yang dapat dijadikan bom.

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Dr. Azahari was a member of the Al-Jamaah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) since 1993 and was one of the intellectual actors of the bombings conducted by Al-JI in Indonesia. His role in the organization was as a bombmaker. Dr. Azaharis bombs had unique characteristics, which is known as a signature bomb. This allowed bomb experts to easily identify his work. Dr. Azahari once taught several Al-JI members, and even made a book on bombmaking and distributed it. The Motivation Theory by McClelland and the Rational Choice Theory will be used to explain and analyze the findings of this research. The findings were collected using a qualitative method through literature studies, interviews, and document studies, which were validated using the triangulation technique. This research discovered that Dr. Azahari became terrorist because he had to face several issues and was influenced by his environment. The terrorism acts that involved Dr. Azahari always used rational choices and were able to be recognized by the officers through his modus operandi, among others is the signature bomb. The unique characteristics of the signature bomb were analyzed through its components and design. Furthermore, the signature bomb was made from materials that were easy to obtain and was used to gain recognition (Need of Achievement). Dr. Azaharis case proves that high-educated individuals can still be recruited by terrorist groups and conduct significant terrorism act Other aspects that need to be anticipated because it could become a threat are: radicalization or recruitment of terrorist groups can occur in an educational or religious institution; the behavior change of an individual who withdraws him or herself from social environment and prefers to be alone; misuse of the universitys facilities for terrorism activities; the existence of a secondary bomb during a terrorism act; the use of online media for terrorism acts; the ease of obtaining materials for making bombs.