Latar Belakang: Kejadian preeklamsia dilaporkan berkisar 5-15% dari seluruhkehamilan dan terkait erat dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal dan perinatal.Preeklamsia merupakan penyakit dengan berbagai teori (disease of theory) yangmenggambarkan ketidakpastian patofisiologi dan penyebabnya. Salah satu teoripatogenesis preeklamsia adalah peningkatan stres oksidatif. Stres oksidatifmerupakan ketidakseimbangan jumlah oksidan dan antioksidan dalam tubuh.Peningkatan radikal bebas pada preeklamsia diduga menyebabkan penurunanantioksidan endogen seperti superoksida dismutase (SOD) karena banyak antioksidantersebut yang terpakai untuk menanggulangi radikal bebas. Mengingat pentingnyaperanan SOD pada patogenesis preeklamsia, maka pemberian suplementasi SODdiduga dapat memberi manfaat pada preeklamsia maupun kehamilan normal.Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar SODpada kehamilan normal dan preeklamsia. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuanuntuk mengetahui kenaikan kadar SOD pasca pemberian suplementasi SOD padakehamilan normal dan preeklamsia.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian uji klinis ini dilakukan di RSCM, RSAB HarapanKita, RSIA Bunda, dan RSIA Brawijaya pada bulan September hingga Desember2019. Subjek penelitian berasal dari Ibu hamil normotensi dan Ibu hamil preeklamsiayang akan dilakukan tindakan operasi sesar berencana dalam waktu 2 minggu. Padasubjek di kelompok uji, akan diberikan suplementasi Glisodin 2 x 250 U selama 14hari. Dilakukan pengukuran kadar SOD serum pra- dan pasca- suplementasi Glisodin,SOD plasenta, dan kadar Cu, Mn dan Zn serum. Data selanjutnya diolah denganmenggunakan uji statistik dengan paket SPSS versi 15. Analisis data berupa analisisunivariat, bivariat dan multivariat.Hasil Penelitian: Didapatkan 91 subjek penelitian yang terdiri dari 42 Ibu hamilnormotensi dan 49 Ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia. Dari 25 subjek penelitian yangdiberikan suplementasi Glisodin, 15 orang berasal dari kelompok Ibu hamilnormotensi dan 10 orang berasal dari kelompok Ibu hamil preeklamsia. Kadar Zn pada kelompok preeklamsia didapatkan lebih rendah bermakna dibandingkan padakelompok normotensi (45 (25,00-110,00) ug/dL vs 52,00 (36,00-88,00) ug/dL, p0,025). Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna kadar SOD pra- dan pascasuplementasi pada kelompok normotensi dan preeklamsia. Tidak terdapatpeningkatan bermakna kadar SOD pasca suplementasi , baik pada kelompoknormotensi maupun preeklamsia (+1,08 ± 2,45, p 0,069 dan +0,12 ± 2,04, p 0,721).Satu-satunya perbedaan bermakna yang ditemukan adalah kadar SOD plasentadimana didapatkan kadar SOD plasenta lebih rendah pada kelompok preklamsiadibandingkan normotensi (26,04 (10,49-91,16) U/mL vs 37,62 (13,58-105,40) U/mL,p<0,001).Kesimpulan: Kadar SOD plasenta pada kehamilan hipertensi atau preeklamsia lebihrendah dibandingkan dengan normotensi. Tidak ada peningkatan bermakna kadarSOD pasca-suplementasi dengan Glisodin pada kehamilan normotensi dan hipertensiatau preeklamsia.

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Background: Preeclampsia incidence varies between 5-15% from all pregnancy andrelated to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia is a disease oftheory which describe uncertainty in its pathogenesis and pathophysiology. One ofthe preeclampsia pathogenesis theory is the increasing oxidative stress level.Oxidative stress is a condition caused by imbalance between oxidant and anti-oxidantinside the body. Increased free radicals level in preeclampsia causing furtherdecreased in endogenous antioxidant level such as superoxide dismutase (SOD)because antioxidant were used to neutralize free radicals. Given the important role ofSOD in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, supplementation of SOD is thought to bebeneficial, both in the normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.Objective: The aim of this study is to determine differences in SOD levels in normalpregnancy and preeclampsia. This study is also aims to determine the increase inSOD levels after SOD supplementation in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted at RSCM, RSAB Harapan Kita,RSIA Bunda, and RSIA Brawijaya in September to December 2019. The researchsubjects came from normotensive pregnant women and preeclampsia pregnantwomen who will undergo planned cesarean operations within 2 weeks. Subjects inthe test group will be given Glisodin 2 x 250 U supplementation for 14 days. SerumSOD pre-and post-supplementation with Glisodin, placental SOD, and serum Cu, Mnand Zn levels were measured. Data were then processed using statistical tests withSPSS package version 15. Data analysis was in the form of univariate, bivariate andmultivariate analyzes.Results: There were 91 research subjects consisting of 42 normotensive pregnantwomen and 49 pregnant women with preeclampsia. Of the 25 study subjects whowere given Glisodin supplementation, 15 were from the group of normotensivepregnant women and 10 were from the group of preeclampsia. The level of Zn in thepreeclampsia group was significantly lower than in the normotensive group (45(25.00-110.00) ug/dL vs 52.00 (36.00-88.00) ug/dL, p 0.025). There were nosignificant differences in pre- and post-supplementation SOD levels in the normotensive and preeclampsia groups. There was no significant increase in SODlevels after supplementation, both in the normotensive and preeclampsia groups(+1.08 ± 2.45, p 0.069 and + 0.12 ± 2.04, p 0.721). The only significant differencefound was placental SOD levels in which placenta SOD levels were lower in thepreeclampsia group than normotensive (26.04 (10.49-91.16) U / mL vs 37.62 (13.58-105.40 ) U / mL, p <0.001).Conclusions: Placental SOD levels in pregnancy with hypertension or preeclampsiaare lower than normotensive. There was no significant increase in post-Glisodinsupplementation SOD levels in normotensive and hypertensive or preeclampsiapregnancy.