Tesis ini membahas tentang Siklus Hidup Norma anti-IUU Fishing di Indonesia. Praktik IUU Fishing membawa dampak negatif bagi perkembangan pengelolaan perikanan di Indonesia. Bentuk IUU Fishing tidak hanya dari aspek legal berupa pelanggaran kedaulatan, pemalsuan izin, melainkan juga bentuk kejahatan transnasional seperti perdagangan orang dan penyelundupan narkoba. Sebagai pemimpin regional, Indonesia mendorong negara di kawasan untuk menyadari ancaman dari aktivitas IUU Fishing. Akan tetapi, upaya bilateral dan multilateral tidak menghasilkan kesepakatan bersama karena perbedaan persepsi antarnegara di kawasan. Melalui uraian dari beberapa kasus IUU Fishing di perairan Indonesia, diperoleh penjelasan bagaimana norma anti-IUU Fishing berkembang. Melalui teori Siklus Hidup Norma, studi ini menguraikan tiga tahap perkembangan norma anti-IUU Fishing dan menunjukkan contoh keberhasilan Indonesia pada masa lalu ketika mendorong konsep negara kepulauan sehingga diakui oleh publik internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika norma anti-IUU Fishing sudah melewati ambang batas, namun mengalami stagnasi pada tahap penerimaan (norm cascade). Hal itu mengakibatkan norma anti-IUU Fishing mengalami gejala penerimaan sebagian (partial cascade) dan tidak dapat menyelesaikan akhir yaitu internalisasi. Tiga faktor yang menghambat perkembangan norma anti-IUU Fishing yaitu: karakter intrinsik norma, kedekatan norma baru dengan norma lama, dan konteks temporal global norma.

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This research discusses the norm life cycle of anti-IUU Fishing norms in Indonesia. IUU Fishing activities have brought negative effects on the development of sustainable fisheries management in Indonesia. Types and forms of IUU Fishing are not only harmful from the legal perspective such as violation of the sovereignty, licenses forging but also involves transnational organized crimes such as people smuggling and drug transactions. As a leader in the region, Indonesia promotes anti-IUU Fishing norms to its neighbors. Nonetheless, bilateral and multilateral arrangements have failed to be seen as a solution as the diverse perception over IUU Fishing practices among ASEAN countries are considerably significant.

Discussions over several notable IUU Fishing cases and the response from Indonesia will be analyzed to demonstrate the emergence of anti-IUU Fishing norms and its development in Indonesia. By virtue of Norm Life-Cycle Theory, this study outlines three stages of the anti-IUU Fishing norm’s evolution and presents an example of Indonesia’s successful campaign in the past when promoting the concept of archipelagic country up until the efforts received international recognition. The research finds that anti-IUU Fishing norms was able to reach its tipping point. Nonetheless, it fails to conclude the second phase, Norm Cascades, which hinders its progress to the ultimate stage, internalization. Based on the norm life-cycle theory, this research argues that several factors halt the development of IUU Fishing norm: Intrinsic Character of Norms, Adjacency Claim to Previous or Existing Norms, and World Time Context.