Latar belakang: Masalah Kesehatan gigi dan gizi pada anak tidak dapat dipisahkan. Keduanya berbagi faktor risiko yang sama. Masih tingginya prevalensi malnutrisi di negara berkembang khususnya di Indonesia yang disertai dengan tingginya prevalensi Early childhood caries (ECC) pada kelompok anak perlu menjadi perhatian khusus. Tujuan : Menganalisa hubungan ECC dengan status gizi anak usia 5 tahun di Indonesia berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018.Metode: Penelitian cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2018. Sampel 701 anak usia 5 tahun yang dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis dan kuesioner. ECC sebagai variabel independen utama dan faktor risiko lainnya ; self-reported oral health, jenis kelamin, tingkat Pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan ayah, status ekonomi keluarga, praktik diet anak dan pemanfaatan fasyankes dianalisa terhadap status gizi berdasarkan kategori berat badan/tinggi badan yang dikonversikan dengan standard Z-score. Hasil: uji chi-square menunjukkan korelasi signifikan antara status ECC, tingkat Pendidikan ibu, status ekonomi keluarga dan praktik diet berisiko anak terhadap status gizi (p-value<0,05). Uji regresi logistik multinomial membuktikan korelasi signifikan antara ECC dengan wasting (OR = 1,352, 95% CI: 0.989 – 2,589). ECC tidak berkorelasi terhadap obesitas.Kesimpulan: ECC dapat menjadi salah satu penyebab wasting pada anak. Beberapa faktor risiko terjadinya masalah gizi juga merupakan faktor risiko yang sama terhadap kejadian karies gigi.

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Background: Oral health and nutrition problems in children cannot be separated. Both share the same risk factors. The high prevalence of malnutrition and Early childhood caries (ECC) in developing countries, especially in Indonesia still need attention.

Objective: Analyze the relationship between ECC and the nutritional status of children aged 5 years in Indonesia based on the 2018 Riskesdas data.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using secondary data from Riskesdas 2018. A sample of 701 children aged 5 years were subjected to clinical examinations and questionnaires. ECC as the independent variable and other risk factors; self-reported oral health, gender, mother's education level, father's employment status, family economic status, children's dietary practices and utilization of health facilities were analyzed against nutritional status based on weight/height categories converted by Z-score.

Results: chi-square test showed a significant correlation between ECC, maternal education level, family economic status and dietary practices at risk of children on nutritional status (p-value <0.05). Multinomial logistic regression test proved a significant correlation between ECC and wasting (OR = 1,352, 95% CI: 0.989 – 2.589). ECC is not correlated with obesity.

Conclusion: ECC can cause wasting in children. Meanwhile several risk factors for nutritional problems and dental caries were similar.