Pneumonia merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang menjadikan Indonesia salah satu negara dengan beban pneumonia tertinggi di dunia. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas tahun 2018, prevalensi pneumonia berdasarkan diagnosa tenaga kesehatan meningkat menjadi 2% dibandingkan sebelumnya. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan Pemerintah untuk menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat pneumonia adalah meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi pentavalen dan pemberian ASI ekslusif secara nasional. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan imunisasi pentavalen dan pemberian ASI ekslusif dengan kejadian pneumonia pada batita. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September – Desember 2021. Populasi penelitian adalah anak usia 9 – 36 bulan sebanyak 2.755 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder SDKI tahun 2017. Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 79.5% anak sudah diberikan imunisasi pentavalen dan sebanyak 52.3% anak diberikan ASI ekslusif. Hasil regresi logistik, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara imunisasi pentavalen dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p-value=0.005). Variabel umur memiliki interaksi dengan imunisasi pentavalen terhadap pneumonia. Variabel status sosial ekonomi merupakan confounder antara hubungan imunisasi pentavalen dengan kejadian pneumonia. Diharapkan kepada pembuat kebijakan dapat melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan pencegahan dan penanggulangan pnuemonia dan kepada pemberi pelayanan untuk dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat pentingnya imunisasi pentavalen dalam bentuk penyuluhan atau sosialiasai mengenai pencegahan pneumonia pada anak, serta melakukan sweeping atau kunjungan rumah untuk meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi pentavalen.

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Pneumonia is a global health issue, with Indonesia having one of the highest pneumonia burdens in the world. According to Riskesdas data, the prevalence of pneumonia based on health worker diagnoses increased by 2% in 2018 compared to the previous year. Increased coverage of pentavalent immunization and national exclusive breastfeeding are two of the government's efforts to reduce morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia. The goal of this study was to see if there was a link between pentavalent immunization and exclusive breastfeeding and the risk of pneumonia in toddlers. A cross-sectional design was used in this study. This study was carried out between September and December of 2021. respondents. Secondary data from the 2017 IDHS were used for data collection. According to the findings, 79.5 percent of children had received pentavalent immunization, and 52.3 percent of children were exclusively breastfed. According to the findings of logistic regression, there was a significant link between pentavalent immunization and the incidence of pneumonia in children under the age of five. The age variable interacts with pentavalent pneumonia immunization. The socioeconomic status variable is a confounder in the association between pentavalent immunization and pneumonia incidence. It is hoped that policymakers will be able to monitor and evaluate the implementation of pneumonia prevention and control, and that service providers will be able to increase public awareness of the importance of pentavalent immunization in the form of counseling or socialization regarding the prevention of pneumonia in children, as well as conduct sweeping or home visits to increase coverage of pentavalent immunization.