Kejahatan lingkungan telah menyebabkan kerusakan dan penderitaan (bersifat harmful) kepada manusia maupun non-manusia, namun sering tidak dianggap sebagai pelanggaran hukum pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan environmental victimization yang dialami oleh masyarakat Desa X, Kabupaten Mojokerto, Jawa Timur akibat limbah impor bahan baku pabrik kertas. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Environmental Victimology dan State-Corporate Crime. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan konsep kekerasan struktural dan Treadmill of Law. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam dan studi peraturan perundang-undangan terkait importasi limbah bahan baku pabrik kertas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa viktimisasi yang dialami masyarakat Desa X diawali dari perizinan importasi limbah bahan baku pabrik kertas melalui regulasi yang dibuat oleh negara. Rendahnya pengawasan implementasi importasi limbah oleh pemerintah memfasilitasi pembuangan limbah impor bahan baku pabrik kertas ke Desa X. Pihak Kepala Desa X sebagai representasi negara di tingkat lokal malah bekerjasama dengan perusahaan kertas dalam pembuangan limbah demi meraih keuntungan pribadi. Environmental victimization telah dialami masyarakat Desa X selama puluhan tahun dan bisa berdampak jangka panjang pada kesehatan masyarakat maupun lingkungan di Desa X. Environmental victimization yang dialami oleh masyarakat Desa X merupakan suatu bentuk kekerasan struktural.

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Environmental crimes have caused suffering and harming humans and non-human entities, but are often not considered as violation of criminal law. This study aims to explain the environmental victimization experienced by the people of Village X, Mojokerto Regency, East Java due to the imported waste paper dumping. The theory used in this study is the theory of Environmental Victimology and State-Corporate Crime. This study also uses the concept of structural violence and the Treadmill of Law. This research is qualitative research with in-depth interviews and studies of legislation related to the importation of paper waste as data collection methods. The results showed that the victimization experienced by the people of Village X started when the state allowed the importation of waste paper. The government's low surveillance on the implementation of the importation of waste facilitated the waste paper dumping in Village X. The Head of Village X as a representative of the state at the local level has been cooperating with paper corporations in waste dumping in Village for his personal gain. The people of Village X have been environmentally victimized for decades. The waste dumping in Village X may have long-term harm to the public health and the ecosystem of Village X. Environmental victimization experienced by the people of Village X is seen as a form of structural violence.