ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian translokasi klorpirifos (Q,O-diethyl-0-3,5,6-irichloro-2 pyridyl phosphorolhioate) karbofuran (2, 3-dihydro-2, 2-dirnethyl-7-benzo frrranyl metylcarbamate), dan lindan (1, 2, 3,4,5,6-hexachloro cycla hexane) pada tanaman padi dan penurunan konsentrasinya di dalam tanah. Penelitian dilakukan di Instalasi Laboratorium Biokimia & Enzimatik dan Instalasi Rumah Kaca, Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Tanaman Pangan Bogor.Penelitian translokasi insektisida menggunakan tanaman padi varietas IR. 64 dan 3 jenis insektisida karbofuran, klorpirifos dan lindan dengan dosis setara 1 kg/ha. Translokasi insektisida pada tanaman padi dirunut dengan mengukur kandungan residu insektisida pada daun, batang, malai dan beras dengan selang waktu pengamatan 5, 10, 15, 25 dan 30 had setelah aplikasi (HSA) untuk insektisida karbofuran dan klorpirifos, sedangkan selang waktu 5, 15, 25, 35 dan 45 HSA untuk insektisida lindan. Pada penelitian penurunan konsentrasi insektisida digunakan tiga jenis tanah yang berasal dari Wonosari (Jawa Tengah), Bekasi dan Karawang (Jawa Barat) dan 3 jenis insektisida yaitu karbofuran, klorpirifos dan lindan dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 0,45 ppm. Pengamatan laju penurunan konsentrasi insektisida dilakukan dengan cara mengukur kandungan residu insektisida karbofuran dan klorpirifos pada selang waktu 0, 20, 40, 60 dan 80 HSA dan 0, 25, 50, 75 dan 100 HSA untuk lindan. Aplikasi insektisida dilakukan dua kali pada fase vegetatif (5 MST-minggu setelah tanam) dan fase generatif (10 MST). Kandungan residu insektisida pada tanaman padi dan tanah diukur dengan alat kromatografi gas cairan yang dilengkapi dengan detektor ECD. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial dengan 3 faktor dan 2 ulangan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insektisida karbofuran, klorpirifos dan lindan ditranslokasikan ke daun, batang, malai dan beras. Residu insektisida pada daun padi paling banyak ditemukan kemudian diikuti pada batang, malai dan beras, Penurunan konsentrasi residu insektisida pada tanah Karawang lebih tinggi daripada tanah Wonosari dan Bekasi. Laju penurunan konsentrasi insektisida karbofuran (t1/2 = 10,0 hari) lebih cepat daripada insektisida lindan (t1/2 = 63,2 hari) dan klorpirifos (ti.12,9 hari) pada tanah Karawang.

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ABSTRACT

The chlorpyrifos (0,0-diethyl 0-3,5, 6-trichloro-2 pyridyl phosphoro hioate), carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl metylcarbamate), lindane (1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro cyclo hexane) insecticides translocation research has been conducted on paddy and its concentration decrease in soil. The research was conducted at the Biochemistry & Enzymatic Laboratory and the Green House of the Research Institute for Food Crops Biotechnology.

The insecticide research used IR 64 paddy variety and 3 kinds of insecticides, namely: carbofuran, chlorpyrifos and lindane with the dosage equals to 1 kg a.i.lha. The insecticide translocation in the paddy was discovered by measuring the insecticide residues conten on the leaf, stem and panicle on the observation interval time of 5, 10, 15, 25 and 30 days after the treatment (DAT) for the chlorpyrifos and carbofuran insecticides and 5, 15, 25, 35 and 45 DAT for the lindane insecticide. Whereas on the insecticide concentration decrease research utilized 3 types of soil come from Wonosari (Middle Java), Bekasi and Karawang (West Java) and 3 types of insecticides, namely: chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and lindane with each concentration of 0.45 ppm. The rate of concentration decrease was observed by measuring the insecticide residue content in the soils at the time interval of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAT (chlorpyrifos and carbofuran) while the lindane at the time interval of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 DAT. The insecticide treatment was done twice on the vegetative phase (5 WAP-weeks after planting) and the generative phase (10 WAP). The insecticide residue content on the paddy and the soil was determined by the gas liquid chromatograph equipped with the ECD detector. The design of the research used the complete random design with 3 factors and 2 replication.

The results showed that the vegetative phase (on the stem and panicle) and in the generative phase (stem, leaf and the panicle) was recognized the chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and lindane insecticide residues. The insecticide residues translocation of chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and lindane was higher in leaves than in the stem and panicle. The concentration decrease of chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and lindane insecticide residues in Karawang soil's was higher than in the sail from Wonosari and Bekasi. The rate of concentration decrease of carbofuran (ti = 10,0 days) was faster than lindane (t ½ = 63,2 days) and chlorpyrifos (t1/2 = 12,9 days).