Ruang Lingkup dan Metodologi PenelitianBasemen adalah suatu bangunan di bawah tanah yang digunakan sebagai tempat parkir atau tempat pemberhentian kendaraan bermotor. Petugas parkir terpajan emisi mobil seperti timbal dll. Penggunaan masker hidung untuk melindungi karyawan tersebut selama bekerja tidak pernah diterapkan. Emisi timbal adalah zat yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Studi ini mengidentifikasi kegunaan masker karbon aktif untuk mengurangi konsentrasi timbal dalam tubuh manusia yang diukur dengan konsentrasi timbal di dalam urin. Bermacam literatur menyebutkan bahwa masker karbon aktif dapat mengurangi konsentrasi timbal melalui inhalasi. Studi ini adalah studi eksperimental secara random. Duapuluh-dua karyawan dipilih, terdiri dari 11 sebagai kelompok studi dan 11 sebagai kelompok kontrol. Kelompok studi memakai masker hidung karbon-aktif sedangkan kelompok kontrol memakai masker hidung biasa. Lama intervensi satu bulan. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah konsentrasi timbal di dalam urin, umur, lama kerja, tingkat pendidikan, status gizi, kebiasaan merokok, dan lama pemakaian masker hidung. Survei lingkungan dilakukan pads 13 lokasi di basemen.Resit dan KesimpulanHasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi timbal di udara basemen 0,008 mg/m3. Nilai ini masih dibawah nilai ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh Surat Edaran Menteri Tenaga Kerja No. SE-01IMEN/1997 : 0,05 mg/lm3 (50 µ/m3). Data ini membuktikan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara umur, lama kerja, tingkat pendidikan, status gizi, kebiasaan merokok, dan lama pemakaian masker hidung antara kelompok studi dan kontrol. Konsentrasi timbal di dalam urin setelah pengamatan 15 hari dan 30 hari menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok studi dan kontrol yang memakai masker hidung dan terpajan emisi timbal.

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The Correlation Between The Use of Masks with Plumbum Concentration in Urine among the Parking Attendants Exposed to Lead Emission at a Company at a Mall Basement in Jakarta, 2004 The Scope and Methodology

The basement is an underground construction either used as car park or car stopping area. The parking attendants were exposed by vehicle emission such as lead etc.The use of masks to protect employees while working has never been applied. Lead is an agent which may cause serious hazard human health. This study was designed to identify the effectiveness of carbon active mask to reduce lead concentration in human body by measuring urinary lead concentration in urine. Various literatures described that carbon active mask could reduce lead concentration through inhalation. This study was an experimental study with randomization. Twenty-two employees were recruited, consisting of 1 1 as the study group and 1 1 as the control group. The study group used carbon-active masks while the control group used regular masks. The duration of intervention was one month. Types of data collected were lead concentration in urine, age, duration of work, level of education, nutritional status, smoking habit, and duration of using masks. The environmental survey was carried out in 13 locations at the basement.

Results and Conclusions

The results showed that lead concentration in the air at the basement was 0,008 mg/m3. It is still below the threshold limit value according to the standard as described in the letter of Labor Minister No.SE-0I/MEN11997 which is 0,05 mg/lm3 (50 µ/m3). These data indicated that considering the urinary lead content, there were no significant differences among age, duration of work, level of education, nutritional status, smoking habit, and duration of using masks between the study and the control groups. The lead concentration in urine after 15 days and 30 days of observation showed significant differences between the study and control groups who used masks and were exposed to Iead emission.