Dampak negatif pembangunan antara lain adalah menurunnya kualitas lingkungan, sampai kepada menurunnya kualitas kesehatan masyarakat akibat berbagai bentuk pencemaran. Kegiatan industri yang diduga banyak mencemari lingkungan udara adalah industri semen, salah satunya ada di Kecamatan Cileungsi Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat bagaimana hubungan kadar PM10 (Partikulat Melayang 10p m) dalam debu udara ambien sekitar pabrik semen di Kecamatan Cileungsi tersebut dengan kejadian gejala penyakit saluran pernapasan yang ada pada penduduk sekitarnya.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan "cross sectional". Pengukuran kadar PM10 udara ambien dilakukan di 4 titik arah dispersi pencemaran debu, kearah Barat sesuai arah angin dominan didaerah tersebut. Disekitar titik pengukuran udara dilakukan juga pengambilan sampel penelitian secara acak sebanyak 120 responden. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi liner dan logistik pada paket program SPSS.Hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh, kadar PM10 dilokasi penelitian adalah antara 93,06 -195,21 µg/m3. Sedangkan batas yang ditetapkan NAAQS di Amerika (Indonesia belum mempunyai) adalah 150 µg/m3. Tetapi kadar yang terukur tersebut sudah dalam rentang kadar rata-rata tahunan yang ditetapkan WHO untuk menaikan prevalensi penyakit saluran pernapasan pada orang dewasa yaitu 150 - 225 µg/m3 TSP atau 99 - 148,5 µg/m.3 partikulat melayang 10 µm (PM10). Terdapat hubungan linier antara kadar PM10 dengan kejadian gejala penyakit saluran pernapasan pada penduduk sekitar pabrik. Jika pajanan PK a sebesar 70 µg/m3 maka prevalensi kejadian gejala penyakit saluran pernapasan yang dapat diprediksi adalah 10,37%. Dari model regresi logistik didapat bahwa seseorang yang tinggal disekitar pabrik semen mempunyai kemungkinan untuk menderita gejala penyakit saluran pemapasan sebesar 66,49% dengan sudah dikontrol oleh lama tinggal, jenis pekerjaan, masa kerja, merokok dan kepadatan penghuni rumah.Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar PMIa didalam debu udara ambien dapat menaikkan kejadian gejala penyakit saluran pernapasan pada penduduk. Saran bagi pihak pencemar adalah dengan meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas alat-alat pengendalian debu mereka, disamping peningkatan upaya pengendalian debu pada sumber pencemarnya.

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The Causality Between the Particulate Matter (PM10) Content in Ambient Air-Dust and Acute Respiratory Infection Symptoms. A case Study was Conducted at Cement Factory X Located at Cileungsi-Bogor and Residents Living around itThe decrease of environmental quality is one of several development program negative impacts. Such a decrease consequently, leads a decrease of public health condition in a community. Cement industry is thought to be one of the greatest industrial activities contributing to the environmental pollution. The study which was carried out at the industrial area of Cileungsi-Bogor, West Java, was aimed at finding out causality between the PMI0 (Particulate Matter less than 10µm) content in ambient air-dust and acute respiratory infection symptoms of people living around the factory.

The study used a cross sectional design. The measurement of the particulate matter was carried out in west as a four-dot direction of dust polluting dispersion with the dominant wind direction in the area. Sampling was carried out at random, i.e. 120 respondent living around the designated. Linier and logistic regression was applied in the statistic analysis.

The result of measurement shows that the content of PMIC was 93,06 - 195,21 pglm3, whereas the limit decided by the US NAAQS is 150 pglm3. The content measured of annually produced particulate matter by WHO is increase the prevalence of the adult pharyngeal disease. There was tinier causality between the PMIC content and the acute respiratory infection symptoms to the resident living around the factory area. If the number content indicated 70 gglm3, thus the predictable prevalence of the disease symptom is 10,37%. Seen from the logistic regression model, it was found that a person living around factory has the possibility of pharyngeal disease (66,49%). This finding was corrected for various confounding factors such as length of stay, occupation, length of occupation, smoking habit, and numbers of person staying in the house.

It was concluded that the PM10 content in the ambient air-dust could increase the acute respiratory infection symptoms of the community. It is recommended that the factory should be equipped with dust control machine, i.e. electrostatic precipitator, and that efforts of controlling the source of dust pollution, should be improved.