ABSTRAKApotik di rumah sakit merupakan tempat akhir dari pasien untuk menyelesaikan kunjungannya ke rumah sakit. Sering kali hal ini diabaikan, padahal pasien sudah hampir berada pada puncak kesabarannya, Oleh sebab itu pelayanan di apotik perlu mendapat perhatian khusus terutama dalam mengatur sistem antriannya .Apotik Rawat Jalan RSUD Gunung Jati melayani pasien selama jam kerja, akan tetapi waktu yang paling sibuk adalah bersamaan dengan mulainya pelayanan poliklinik. Tingginya kedatangan pasien pada jam-jam tertentu, yaitu dari jam 09.30 sampai dengan jam 12.30, dengan rata-rata kedatangan resep 70 lembar per jam menyebabkan antrian panjang. Padahal jumlah petugas yang melayani cukup jumlahnya.Penelitian ini yang dilakukan pada tanggal 21 sampai dengan 25 April 1997 bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang karakteristik sistem antrian dan waktu pelayanan di Apotik Rawat Jalan RSUD Gunung Jati dan mencari model yang sesuai untuk diterapkan.Hasilnya menggambarkan bahwa, resep datang dengan rata-rata 70 per jam mengikuti Distribusi Poisson. Antrian pada umumnya bersifat modified F.I.F.O. Struktur antrian Single Channel Multi Phase. Waktu pelayanan rata-rata 17.5 menit. Secara keseluruhan proses penyelesaian resep memakan waktu sampai 60 menit, dengan distribusi pelayanan yang bervariasi dari hampir uniform sampai ke poisson.Pada penelitian ini dibahas 3 alternatif untuk mencari model pelayanan yang lebih baik, yaitu (1) menghilangkan kegiatan yang tidak relevan, (2) mengubah susunan pelayanan, (3) mengubah susunan pelayanan dan menghilangkan kegiatan yang tidak relevan. Ketiganya menghasilkan efisiensi yang lebih baik, dengan alternatif 3 yang paling efisien.

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ABSTRACT

Analysis of Queuing System for medical Prescription at the outpatients pharmacy of the Gunung Jati Regional General Hospital-CirebonOutpatients Pharmacy of a Regional General Hospital becomes the patient's final destination in finalizing the process of visiting the hospital. It is quite often that its function is disregarded even the fact that the patients are close to the peak of their patience, since the medicine is so important for their recovery. For this reason, the service in a pharmacy must have the serious attention especially when the queing system is being prepared.

Outpatients Pharmacy of the Gunung Jati General Regional Hospital provides services on working hour from 8.00 a.m to 14.00 a.m. However, peak hours happened almost at the same time as the service hour of the polyclinic. High incoming of patients during a certain period between 09:30 up to 12:30 with average number of 70 prescription per hour creates a long queue. Actually there are suffient number of service personnel.

The aim of this study, which was performed between 21 to 25 April 1997, was to obtain a clear picture about the characteristic of queuing system and service time at the outpatients Pharmacy of Gunung Jail Regional General Hospital and then prepared a model which might be applicable to the situation.

The result showed that prescription arrived with average of 70 sheets per hour followed the Poisson distribution. The characteristic of the queue was a generally modified F.I.F.G. The structure of the queue was single channel multiphase with average service time of 17.5 minutes. On the average, the process to complete one prescription take time up to .60 minutes, with service distribution varied from almost uniform to Poisson.

In this study, 3 alternatives were discussed to find out the improved service model, by (1) avoiding irrelevant activities, (2) changing the services arrangement, (3) changing the service arrangement and also avoiding irrelevant activities. Those three alternatives created better efficiency with option number three performed the best.