Latar belakang: Preeklampsia/eklampsia merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal di Indonesia. Preeklampsia juga menyebabkan pertumbuhan janin terhambat dan kelahiran prematur. Etiologi preeklampsia belum jelas, diduga berhubungan dengan penurunan perfusi plasenta yang menyebabkan hipoksia plasenta. Hipoksia ini menginduksi aktivitas angiogenesis pada plasenta yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki mikrosirkulasi plasenta.Tujuan: Menilai aktivitas angiogenesis pada plasenta preeklampsia dan dibandingkan dengan plasenta ibu hamil normal.Rancangan penelitian: Merupakan studi komparatif potong lintang. Dua belas plasenta preeklampsia dan 13 plasenta ibu hamil normal sebagai kontrol diperoleh dari ibu bersalin yang mendonorkan plasenta di satu rumah sakit. Aktivitas angiogenesis dinilai dengan pemeriksaan migrasi sel-sel endotel Untuk menganalisis perbedaan aktivitas angiogenesis antar kelompok digunakan tes Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Aktivitas angiogenesis pada plasenta preeklampsia lebih tinggi bermakna secara statistik dibanding dengan plasenta ibu hamil normal (p<0.05).Kesimpulan: Hipoksia plasenta meningkatkan aktivitas angiogenesis pada plasenta preeklampsia. Pada penelitian k d respons lokal tidak optimal dalam meningkatkan mikrosirkulasi, karena terdapat 2 kasus berat bayi lahir rendah pada kelompok preeklampsia.

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Angiogensesis Activity Of Preeclamptic PlacentaBackground: Preeclampsia/eclampsia is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Preeclampsia also a major cause of fetal growth retardation and premature delivery. The etiology of preeclampsia is unclear. It is suggested that reduce placental perfusion leads to placental hypoxia, and then induced placental angiogenic activity. The purpose of the activity enhances the placental vascular bed.

Objective: To study angiogenic activity in preeclamptic placentas and compare those with placenta from normal pregnant women.

Study design: Comparative cross sectional study was used. Mothers who were delivered their baby in the same hospital donated their placentas. Twelve placentas from preeclampsia and 13 from controls were examined. The angiogenic activity was assayed using an endothelial cell migration assay. Differences in placental angiogenic activity between two groups were analysed using the Mann Whitney test.

Result: The angiogenic activity in the placenta from women with preeclampsia were significantly greater than that from women with normal pregnat. (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Placental hypoxia increased angiogenic activity in the placenta from women with preeclampsia. In this study, the local respons is not optimal in enhacing vascular bed, because 2 low birth weight babies was delivered in preeclampsia group.