ABSTRAK
Ruang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian: Debrisokuin (D) merupakan obat antihipertensi, golongan penghambat adrenergik. D mengalami hidroksilasi di hati. Berbagai obat penting lain juga mengalami cara hidroksilasi sama dengan D, seperti lidokain, nortriptilin, perheksilin dan metoprolol. Kemampuan hidroksilasi D digunakan sebagai indikator untuk menetapkan kemampuan hidroksilasi seseorang. Distribusi frekuensi kapasitas hidroksilasi D pada suatu populasi ternyata merupakan kurva polimodal (bimodal atau trimodal) karena dikendalikan oleh gen tunggal, yang bermanifestasi sebagai kelompok hidroksilator kuat (mayoritas, genotip dominan) dan kelompok hidroksilator lemah (minoritas, genotip resesif). Kelompok hidroksilator lemah mempunyai prevalensi yang bervariasi antar suku bangsa dan secara klinis cenderung mendapat efek samping yang jauh lebih sering dan kadang-kadang berbahaya bila diberikan obat-obat (dalam dosis terapi) dengan cara metabolisme (hidroksilasi) sama dengan D.Untuk mengetahui kemampuan hidroksilasi D seseorang, sebagai parameter dipakai ratio perbandingan metabolik ('metabolic ratio' = MR), yaitu ratio % dosis D yang diekskresi dalam bentuk utuh terhadap % dosis D yang diekskresi sebagai 4-hidroksi debrisokuin (4-HD) dalam urin, sesudah waktu tertentu pemberian D per oral. Disebut hidroksilator kuat bila MR < 12,6 dan hidroksilator lemah bila MR > 12,6. Untuk analisis kadar D dan 4-HD dalam urin digunakan kromatografi gas dengan metode yang dikembangkan Matta dkk.Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Telah diteliti 63 orang sukarelawan Indonesia sehat, ternyata 5 subyek (7,94 %) termasuk hidroksilator lemah dan 58 subyek lainnya (92,06 %) termasuk hidroksilator kuat.ABSTRACT

Scope and Methodology: Debrisoquine (D) is a hypertensive drug classified as an adrenergic blocking agent. D undergoes hydroxylation in the liver. Other important drugs, such as lidocaine, nortryptiline, perhexiline, and metoprolol also undergo hydroxylation in the same way as D. The capacity of D hydroxylation is used, as an indicator to determine a person's capacity to hydroxylate. The distribution of the frequency of D hydroxylation capacity in a population is polymodal (bimodal or trimodal), because it is controlled by a single gene and it manifest as Extensive Metabolizers group (majority, dominant genotype) and Poor Metabolizers group (minority, recessive genotype). Poor Metabolizers has a variety of prevalence among ethnic groups and clinically tend to get more frequent and sometime dangerous side effects when given other medications (in therapeutic dosage) that have the same metabolism (hydroxylation) as D.

To know a person's capacity to hydroxylate, we use metabolic ratio (MR) as a parameter'. It is the ratio of % of D dosage excreted unchanged to % of D dosage excreted as 4-hydroxy debrisoquine (= 4-HD) in urine, after taking D orally. It is called Extensive Metabolizers if the MR is < 12.6 and Poor Metabolizers if MR>12.6. To analyze the degree of D and 4-HD in urine, we use gas chromatography, a method developed by Wiria et al.

Findings and Conclusions: 63 healthy Indonesian volunteers have been tested and five (7.84 %) are included as weak hydroxylator group and 58 (92.06 %) are included as strong hydroxylator group.