Tesis ini membahas masalah sekitar sejarah sosial Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) yang lahir dan berkembang di tengah-tengah masyarakat mayoritas beragama Hindu di Bali. Pertanyaan pokok yang diajukan adalah hal-hal apakah yang menyebabkan pendirian MUI di wilayah mayoritas masyarakat beragama Hindu ini mungkin?Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini penulis melakukan penelitian di Bali dengan metodologi kualitatif dan melakukan pengumpulan data tercetak yang relevan. Di samping itu, wawancara-wawancara mendalam dan observasi langsung kepada aktoraktor utama di balik pendirian MUI-Bali dilakukan di lapangan.Penulis sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa meskipun faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal telah memainkan peranan penting dalam proses kelahiran, perkembangan dan perannya, namun survivalitas MUI-Bali sangat ditentukan oleh keihlasan dan keuletan kinerja para tokoh-tokoh Muslim di Bali itu sendiri.

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This thesis tries to elucidate the socio-historical aspect of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) which was born and is developing in Bali whose society's major religion is Hinduism. The writing of this thesis is based on a major question: what were the causes that had been made the birth of this council within such a Hinduism Balinese society possible?

In order to answer this question, the writer of this thesis studied the course of the Balinese Muslims history and the relevant socio--cultural backgrounds of the Balinese MUI, by using the qualitative methods. In doing this, in addition to the collection of printed materials, the writer had conducted wide interview with the Balinese Muslim leaders, the crucial and important actors behind the establishment and development of the Bali-MUI.

The writer of this thesis tends to conclude that although the interaction of the internal and external factors had played a significant role for the birth and the development of the council, without a patient and resilience efforts devoted by the leaders of the Balinese Muslim, the existence, survivality and development of the Bali-MUI will be in question.