Keputusan pemerintah Indonesia melakukan hilirisasi komoditas nikel menimbulkan resistensi domestik maupun internasional. Meskipun demikian, kebijakan hilirisasi telah menghasilkan peningkatan pada ekspor produk turunan nikel. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan dan mendeskripsikan peran pemerintah Indonesia dalam meningkatkan partisipasi rantai nilai global komoditas nikel serta memetakan resistensi domestik maupun internasional yang muncul. Memanfaatkan konsep upgrading dan governance dalam rantai nilai global. Studi ini menemukan empat bentuk peningkatan partisipasi dan empat jenis peran pemerintah. Bentuk peningkatan partisipasi secara produk, proses, fungsi, dan sektoral. Sementara, peranan pemerintah antara lain sebagai fasilitator, regulator, produsen, dan konsumen dalam mendukung kebijakan hilirisasi. Selain itu, kebijakan hilirisasi nikel memicu gugatan dari negara Uni Eropa, dan investasi dari Cina, Jepang, Korea Selatan, serta pengusaha domestik.

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The decision of the Indonesian government to downstream nickel commodities has reacted to domestic and international resistance. However, the downstream policy has been increasing nickel derivative product exports. This study aims to explain and describe the role of the Indonesian government in upgrading nickel commodities in the global supply chain and mapping the rise of domestic and international resistance. Adopted the concept of upgrading and governance in global value chains. This study found four forms of upgrading and four types of government roles. The form of upgrading is in products, processes, functions, and sectors. Meanwhile, the role of government includes being a facilitator, regulator, producer, and consumer in supporting downstream policies. In addition, the nickel downstream policy has been disputed by the European Union in WTO and generated investment from Cina, Japan, South Korea, and domestic players.