Aktivitas praktik pertambangan emas tanpa izin (PETI) masih terus terjadi di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Aktivitas praktik PETI tersebut telah menyebabkan kerusakan/pencemaran lingkungan, menurunkan pendapatan/ ekonomi masyarakat sekitar, dan perubahan sosial kemasyarakatan. Aktivitas praktik PETI tersebut juga terjadi di wilayah Gunung Botak dan sekitarnya, Kabupaten Buru, Provinsi Maluku. Langkah konkrit negara sebagai pemegang kuasa pengelolaan sumber daya alam sangat dibutuhkan. Polri sebagai representasi negara yang memiliki kewenangan utama/pokok penertiban aktivitas praktik tersebut, perlu memastikan perannya baik secara formal maupun nonformal untuk mencapai situasi absennya inklusivitas aktivitas PETI guna mendorong terwujudnya pertambangan rakyat berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk tercapainya agenda pembangunan berkelanjutan dalam praktik pertambangan rakyat berkelanjutan. Metode yang digunakan melalui pendekatan kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis kuantitatif melalui uji SEM dan kualitatif berdasarkan hasil uji SEM, obeservasi lapangan, wawancara mendalam, FGD, dan hasil review studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan peran pokok Polri, yakni Harkamtibmas, Gakkum, dan Linyomyan dalam penertiban PETI di Gunung Botak berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian absennya aktivitas PETI. Pencapaian aspek-aspek tersebut semakin besar dengan kehadiran peran non-formal Polri, yakni peran pengaruh. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peran Polri (formal) dan peran pengaruh (non-formal) berpotensi terciptanya inklusivitas absennya praktik PETI untuk mewujudkan pertambangan rakyat berkelanjutan di Gunung Botak dan sekitarnya.

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Illegal artisanal and small-scale gold minings (ASGM) have continued to spread in Indonesia, as if they are out of control. On the other hand, people's minings should be able to improve the welfare of the community. In fact, ASGM have caused environmental damages and pollution, reduced the economy of the surrounding community, as well as created social changes. Such conditions have occurred in the area of the Mount Botak, Buru Regency, Maluku Province. Indeed, concrete steps from the state as the holder of the power of natural resource management are needed. Indonesian National Police (Polri) as one of the representatives of the state needs to ensure its role in creating and maintaining the situation of the absence of illegal ASGM activities in order to encourage the realization of sustainable community minings. The research aims to achieve a sustainable development agenda in sustainable community mining practices. The author employs the qualitative approach using quantitative and qualitative data collections. Quantitative analysis is carried out through SEM test and qualitative analysis is done descriptive exposure through SEM test, observations, deep interviews, FGDs, and documentations studies. The results of the study reveal that the main roles of Polri, namely harkamtibmas (maintaining security and public order), gakkum (law enforcement), and linyomyan (protecting, sheltering and servicing) in controlling illegal ASGM on the Mount Botak affect the achievement of the absence of illegal ASGM activities. The achievement of these aspects is even greater with the presence of the non-formal role of Polri, namely the role of pressure. The study concludes that the role of Polri (formal) and the role of pressure (non-formal) has the potential to create inclusiveness in the absence of illegal ASGM practices and to realize a sustainable gold mining governance in the Mount Botak and its surrounding areas.