Kebijakan Kawasan Hutan dengan Pengelolaan Khusus telah mengubah tata kelola kawasan hutan di Pulau Jawa. Pemerintah mengambil alih pengelolaan kawasan hutan seluas ± 1,1 juta hektare yang sebelumnya diamanatkan pengelolaan kepada Perum Perhutani. Perubahan leading sector ini berdampak kepada perubahan aliran distribusi manfaat pengelolaan kawasan hutan di Pulau Jawa. Tesis ini mengargumentasikan bahwa kebijakan KHDPK, yang menempatkan masyarakat sekitar hutan sebagai pelaku utama dalam pengelolaan hutan, ternyata juga berpotensi mengeksklusi masyarakat sekitar hutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode patchwork etnografi, serta pengumpulan data melalui observasi berpartisipasi, wawancara mendalam, dan analisa data sekunder. Fakta lapangan menunjukkan bahwa respon Perhutani terhadap kebijakan ini beragam. Di tingkat tapak, Perhutani melakukan berbagai cara untuk mempertahankan akses terhadap sumberdaya hutan meskipun secara regulasi tereksklusi. Hambatan dialami oleh masyarakat sekitar hutan pada masa transisi karena ketidakjelasan pendampingan. Cabang Dinas Kehutanan sebagai aktor baru dalam pengelolaan hutan Jawa tidak mampu berbuat banyak pada masa transisi karena masyarakat belum mendapatkan legalitas sesuai kebijakan terbaru. Meskipun tereksklusi, Perhutani tetap mendapatkan distribusi manfaat secara personal karena hubungan sosial yang masih terjalin meskipun secara regulasi sudah tidak ada kepentingan dalam kegiatan pengelolaan hutan. Perhutani sebagai pihak yang tereksklusi bahkan masih mampu mengesklusi masyarakat sekitar hutan dengan kuasa pasar. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keberpihakan terhadap masyarakat yang terpinggirkan di dalam regulasi, perlu dipastikan implementasinya di tingkat tapak melalui pendampingan yang intensif sehingga kebijakan tidak hanya sekedar retorika.

---

The Special Management Forest Area Policy has changed Java's forest management. The government took over the forest area management of ± 1.1 million hectares which was previously mandated to be managed by Perum Perhutani. The change of leading sector has an impact on changes in the flow of distribution benefits from forest area management in the Java Island. This thesis argues that this policy, which places communities around forests as the main actors in forest management, has the potential to exclude forest people. This research uses an patchwork ethnographic method, as well as data collection through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and secondary data analysis. Field facts show that Perhutani's response to this policy has varied. At the site level, Perhutani takes various measures to maintain access of forest resources even though they are excluded by regulation. Obstacles experienced by communities around the forest during the transition period were due to unclear assistance. The Forestry Service branch as a new actor in Javanese forest management was unable to do much during the transition period because the community had not received legality according to the latest policy. Even though it is excluded, Perhutani still receives personal distribution of benefits because of the social relationships that still exist even though according to regulations there is no longer any interest in forest management activities. Perhutani as an excluded party is still able to exclude communities around the forest with market power. This shows that it is necessary to ensure that regulations take sides towards marginalized communities in regulations at the site level through intensive assistance so that policies are not just rhetoric.