Penelitian ini mengkaji dinamika sosial dan ekonomi di Pabrik Gula Kalibagor, Banyumas, dengan menerapkan perspektif arkeologi industri dan teori Marxisme. Mulai diterapkannya sistem tanam paksa oleh Pemerintah Hindia Belanda pada tahun 1836 telah mengubah struktur ekonomi dan sosial di Jawa, khususnya dengan pendirian pabrik gula yang berbasis pada eksploitasi tenaga kerja lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana infrastruktur industri tebu dan pabrik gula berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi regional sekaligus menciptakan ketimpangan sosial antara kaum borjuis Eropa dan kaum proletar lokal. Melalui analisis artefak, dokumentasi historis, dan sisa-sisa material industri, penelitian ini menyelidiki bagaimana relasi antara majikan dan buruh di pabrik mencerminkan kondisi sosial yang lebih luas dan bagaimana prasarana produksi gula serta dokumentasi terkait pekerja mencerminkan dinamika ekonomi dan sosial masa itu. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan tidak hanya memberikan wawasan baru mengenai sejarah industri gula di Banyumas tetapi juga menyoroti pentingnya teknologi dan produksi material sebagai pendorong perubahan sosial dalam masyarakat.

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This study examines the social and economic dynamics at the Kalibagor Sugar Factory in Banyumas by applying industrial archaeology perspectives and Marxist theory. The implementation of the forced cultivation system by the Dutch East Indies Government in 1836 significantly altered the economic and social structure in Java, particularly through the establishment of sugar factories based on the exploitation of local labor. This research aims to uncover how the infrastructure of the sugarcane industry and sugar factories contributed to regional economic growth while also creating social disparities between the European bourgeois and the local proletarians. Through the analysis of artifacts, historical documentation, and remnants of industrial materials, this study investigates how the relationship between employers and workers at the factory reflects broader social conditions and how the infrastructure of sugar production and related worker documentation reflect the economic and social dynamics of the time. The results of this research are expected to not only provide new insights into the history of the sugar industry in Banyumas but also highlight the importance of technology and material production as drivers of social change in society.