Latar Belakang: Kanker mulut, khususnya karsinoma sel skuamosa rongga mulut (KSSRM), sering ditemukan di Asia, termasuk Indonesia, terutama pada pria usia lanjut dengan lokasi utama di lidah. Prognosis pasien sangat bergantung pada deteksi dini. Biopsi dan pemeriksaan histopatologis menggunakan pewarnaan hematoksilin dan eosin (H&E) merupakan metode utama, salah satunya penilaian derajat diferensiasi jaringan. Namun, diperlukan tambahan parameter seperti derajat keratinisasi dan reaksi desmoplastik untuk penilaian yang lebih objektif. Selain itu juga, dapat melihat perubahan jaringan dengan melihat daerah yang bersifat displastik. Tujuan: Menentukan derajat diferensiasi jaringan KSSRM berdasarkan derajat keratinisasi dan klasifikasi reaksi desmoplastik serta pengamatan perubahan sifat jaringan. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik menggunakan sampel jaringan KSSRM yang diwarnai H&E dan diamati menggunakan mikroskop cahaya. Hasil: Belum ditemukan hubungan bermakna (p>0,05) antara usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi tumor, derajat keratinisasi, dan klasifikasi reaksi desmoplastik terhadap derajat diferensiasi. Perubahan jaringan displastik menjadi cancerous dapat diamati pada beberapa sampel. Kesimpulan: Usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi tumor, derajat keratinisasi, dan klasifikasi reaksi desmoplastik belum menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan derajat diferensiasi KSSRM. Perubahan jaringan yang bersifat displastik menjadi cancerous dapat diamati pada beberapa jaringan KSSRM dengan masih terlihatnya daerah displastik.

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Background: Oral cancer, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is commonly found in Asia, including Indonesia, especially in older males with the primary site being the tongue. Patient prognosis heavily depends on early detection. Biopsy and histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining remain the main diagnostic methods, including the assessment of tissue differentiation grade. However, additional parameters, such as the degree of keratinization and desmoplastic reaction, are needed for more objective evaluation. In addition, tissue changes can be seen by looking at dysplastic areas. Objective: To determine the differentiation grade of OSCC tissue based on the degree of keratinization and desmoplastic reaction and observation of changes in tissue properties. Methods: A descriptive-analytical study using OSCC tissue samples stained with H&E and observed under a light microscope. Results: No significant relationship (p>0.05) was found between age, gender, tumor location, degree of keratinization, and desmoplastic reaction with the differentiation grade. Dysplastic-to-cancerous transformation was observed in some samples. Conclusion: Age, gender, tumor location, degree of keratinization, and desmoplastic reaction did not show a significant relationship with the differentiation grade of OSCC. Changes in tissue from dysplastic to cancerous in several OSCC tissue were still seen.