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Rasio Pitch dan Chord Sudu terhadap Unjuk Kerja Turbin Air Propeller Open Flume Skala Piko = Pitch-to-Chord Ratio of Blades to the Performance of Pico-Scale Open Flume Propeller Water Turbines

Ashar Prayoga; Harinaldi, supervisor; Budiarso, supervisor; Kurniawan Teguh Waskito, examiner; Ridho Irwansyah, examiner (Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2025)

 Abstract

Turbin air propeller tipe open flume merupakan solusi potensial untuk sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga air (PLTA) skala piko di daerah terpencil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh rasio pitch to chord (p/c) terhadap performa hidrolik turbin, khususnya dalam hal torsi, daya, dan efisiensi. Variasi dilakukan melalui dua pendekatan: pertama, dengan memodifikasi panjang chord sudu pada jumlah sudu tetap, dan kedua, dengan memodifikasi jumlah sudu pada panjang chord tetap. Analisis dilakukan melalui pendekatan analitis berbasis segitiga kecepatan serta simulasi numerik menggunakan ANSYS Fluent dengan model turbulensi SST k–ω. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi dengan rasio p/c sebesar 0.8 (chord 0.0982 m) dan konfigurasi 6 sudu (p/c = 0.83) memberikan performa tertinggi, dengan efisiensi numerik mencapai 55.54% dan torsi maksimum 3.84 Nm pada 1100 RPM. Sebaliknya, rasio p/c yang terlalu tinggi (1.66) menyebabkan hilangnya efisiensi akibat distribusi aliran yang tidak optimal. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan rasio p/c optimal berada pada kisaran 0.8–1.0 untuk turbin open flume skala piko dalam rangka meningkatkan efisiensi sistem dan mendukung elektrifikasi daerah terpencil.

The open flume-type propeller water turbine presents a promising solution for small-scale hydropower systems (pico-hydro) in remote areas. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the pitch-to-chord ratio (p/c) on the hydraulic performance of the turbine, specifically in terms of torque, power output, and efficiency. Two variation approaches were implemented: first, by modifying the blade chord length while keeping the number of blades constant, and second, by varying the number of blades with a constant chord length. The analysis was conducted using both an analytical approach based on velocity triangle theory and numerical simulations employing the SST k–ω turbulence model. The results show that a configuration with a p/c ratio of 0.8 (chord length of 0.0982 m) and another configuration with 6 blades (p/c = 0.83) achieved the highest performance, yielding a numerical efficiency of up to 55.54% and a maximum torque of 3.84 Nm at 1100 RPM. Conversely, excessively high p/c ratios such as 1.66 led to a decline in efficiency due to suboptimal flow distribution and increased fluid losses. The study recommends an optimal p/c ratio range of 0.8–1.0 for open flume propeller turbines to enhance system efficiency.

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Collection Type : UI - Skripsi Membership
Call Number : S-pdf
Main entry-Personal name :
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Publishing : Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2025
Cataloguing Source LIbUI ind rda
Content Type text
Media Type computer
Carrier Type online resource
Physical Description xv, 87 pages : illustration + appendix
Concise Text
Holding Institution Universitas Indonesia
Location Perpustakaan UI
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Call Number Barcode Number Availability
S-pdf 14-25-70540638 TERSEDIA
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No review available for this collection: 9999920570856
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